Proteins Foods I: Fundamentals.

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Presentation transcript:

Proteins Foods I: Fundamentals

PROTEINS Facts: 10-30% of daily diet should come from protein Contains 4 calories per gram Do the math… 2000cal/day 2000*.10= 200/4 = 50 2000*.30=600/4= 150 Therefore we need between 50-150 grams of protein based on a 2000 calorie diet

PROTEINS Facts: Proteins make up 1/5 of total body weight They are made up of: AMINO ACIDS! Building blocks of protein Each has special job within the body “ESSENTIAL” Amino Acids Our body does not make these so we must get them from food There are 9 essential amino acids

PROTEINS 9 Essential Amino Acids Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine Tryptophan Valine

PROTEINS 2 Types of Proteins Complete Incomplete Foods from animal sources Ex. Meat, poultry, eggs, fish, dairy, cheeses *SOY* Contain all 9 essential amino acids Incomplete Foods from plant sources Dry beans, nuts, vegetables, grains Lack at least 1 essential amino acid ONLY EXCEPTION: SOY

PROTEINS Functions: Growth, repair and development Protein makes up hair, eyes, skin, muscles, bones. Constantly being broken down & replaced Enzymes help these chemical reactions to take place in our bodies Helps to regulate hormones Thyroid for metabolism Insulin for blood sugar Produces antibodies Builds immune system and helps us fight off diseases & illnesses

PROTEINS How much do we need? What if I get too much? More at certain times: Pregnancy (to build baby’s cells) Adolescence (for growing) Ill or injured (to recover) What if I get too much? Too much is stored as fat Body works extra hard to try and break down excess proteins What if I don’t get enough? Kwashiorkor (PEM=Protein Energy Malnutrition) Protein deficiency disease that happens a lot in underdeveloped areas of the world

Proteins :::REVIEW::: 1. What percentage of our daily diet should come from protein? 10-30% 2. How many calories are there in 1 gram of protein? 4 3. How many essential amino acids are there? 9

Proteins :::REVIEW::: 4. Where do we get essential amino acids? FOOD! 5. Complete proteins come from foods from _________ sources. ANIMAL 6. What is the main function of proteins in our body? GROWTH & REPAIR

Proteins :::REVIEW::: 7. The disease associated with not getting enough protein is called… KWASHIORKOR 8. Amino acids are the _______ _______ of protein. BUILDING BLOCKS 9. Dried beans provide you with __________ protein. INCOMPLETE 10. _________ proteins contain all 9 essential amino acids. COMPLETE

Reading Food Labels How many calories come from carbohydrates? 18grams*4calories= 72 calories How many calories come from protein? 20grams*4calories= 80 calories How many calories come from fat? 4grams*9calories= 36 calories