In your own words: 1. What is chemistry? 3. What is matter? Day

How can properties be used to classify and identify matter?

Matter… the stuff of which everything is made.  EVERYTHING Matter must have mass and volume

propertiesWhen you look at a particular sample of matter, you observe its properties. –Is a solid shiny or dull? –Does a liquid flow quickly or slowly? –Is a gas odorless, or does it have a smell? different properties  We classify different types of matter according to different properties.

Chemical Label pH Scale

Properties of Matter Extensive – Depend on the amount of matter Intensive – Do not depend on the amount of matter Example: Mass, Volume Example: Density

Properties of Matter Physical – observed without changing the chemical identity Chemical – requires a change in identity to be observed – relates to a substances ability to undergo change Example: Mass, Volume Example: flammability, reactivity

Properties of Matter Qualitative – no observed measurement – no # Quantitative – includes a numeric measurement Example: Color Example: length

Properties of Matter My three pennies had a volume of 1.02 ml. Extensive or intensive? Physical or chemical? Qualitative or quantitative?

Review Acetone has a flammability rating of 3. Extensive or intensive? Physical or chemical? Qualitative or quantitative?

Read section 2.1 and complete #s 1-4, 6, and 7 on page 37

Q of the Day Density – extensive or intensive? physical or chemical? Day

NOTES MASS VS. WEIGHT Mass = amount of matter an object contains Weight = pull of gravity on a given mass DIFFERENCE = weight depends on gravity mass does NOT!

Review Extensive or intensive? Physical or chemical? Qua l itative or qua n titative? Do NOT depend! n for number l for letters

Review I am really tall. Extensive or intensive? Physical or chemical? Qualitative or quantitative?

Read section 2.1 and complete #s 1-4, 6, and 7 on page 37 ADD #s 5, 8, and 9 - Due Tuesday 9-15

Fly me to the moon … and my ________ will change. weight Day

Mixtures Pure Substance Matter (more than 1 substance) compound Homogeneous Heterogeneous (physically separable, not the same throughout) - pizza (the same through out) - air element (2 or more elements chemically bonded together) (always the same – same composition, properties, and characteristics)

A mixture = a ________________ of two or more components. Another name for a homogeneous mixture is a solution. physical blend

20 Separating the components of a Mixture: Differences in physical properties can be used to separate mixtures.

21 Separating the components of a Mixture: Differences in physical properties can be used to separate mixtures. Filtration = the process that ______________________________ ________ in a heterogeneous mixture separates a solid from a liquid

22 Separating the components of a Mixture: Filtration = the process that ______________________________ ________ in a heterogeneous mixture Distillation = the process of _________________________________ ____________________ - during a distillation, a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a pure liquid. separates a solid from a liquid separating a homogeneous liquid mixture

23 Separating the components of a Mixture: Distillation = the process of ______________ _______________________________________ - during a distillation, a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a pure liquid. separating a homogeneous liquid mixture

Which physical property does filtration rely on? _____________________ Which does distillation rely on? __________________ Separating the components of a Mixture: state of matter boiling point

Element = the simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties  Oxygen + hydrogen are 2 of the more than 100 known elements. Distinguishing Elements & Compounds:

Compound = a substance that contains 2 or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion  Physical methods that are used to separate mixtures canNOT be used to break a compound into simpler substances.  To break a compound apart, you must apply _________ (usually heat / electricity) Distinguishing Elements & Compounds: H2OH2O CO 2 NaCl energy

Distinguishing Elements & Compounds: Breaking apart sugar Breaking apart water ENERGY ADDED! How many different pure substances are on this slide?

Distinguishing Elements & Compounds: ***The properties of compounds are totally different than the properties of the elements they are made of.

Read section 2.1 and complete #s 1-4, 6, and 7 on page 37 ADD #s 5, 8, and 9 - Due Tuesday 9-15