1. Matter

2. Properties Extensive Intensive
Property that depends on amount of matter present
Examples: Mass & volume
Intensive
Property that depends on the type of matter present
Examples: Color & boiling point

3. States of Matter Solid Liquid Gases Definite shape and volume
Not easily compressed
Liquid
Definite volume but indefinite shape
Gases
Indefinite shape and volume
Easily compressed

4. Types of Properties/Changes
Physical Properties/Changes
Physical Properties
Quality of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing its composition (Color, weight, melting point)
Physical Changes
Properties of a substance can change, but the composition of the material does not (Cut in ½, crush, melt, freeze, boil)

5. Types of Properties/Changes
Chemical Properties/Changes
Chemical Change
Produces different substance (decomposition, explosions, burning)
Chemical Properties
Ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change (ability to rust, burn, explode)

6. Mixtures Mixture – physical blend of 2 or more components
Heterogeneous
Composition is not uniform throughout the mixture (Hetero = different)
Phase – separate homogeneous parts of a heterogeneous mixture (oil & water)
Homogeneous
Composition is uniform throughout the mixture (Homo = same)
Solution – homogeneous mixture

7. Separating Mixtures Filtration – separate solid from liquid
Distillation – separate a liquid from other liquids

8. Separating Mixtures Chromatography - separation based on solubility
Evaporation – remove soluble
solid from a liquid

9. Elements & Compounds Substance
Matter that has a uniform and definite composition
Element
Simplest form of matter with unique properties
Compound
2 or more elements combined in fixed proportion
H2O always 2 H’s and 1 O

10. Elements & Compounds
Compounds can be broken down by chemical means into simpler substance, but elements cannot
Properties of compounds are different than the elements that make them up

11. Matter Flowchart

12. Chemical Reactions Signs that a Reaction has taken place Color change
Energy change
Production of a gas
Solid formation (Precipitate)
Chemical reactions not easily reversed
Many physical changes are easily reversed

13. Chemical Reactions Reactants  Products
Reactants – substances before reaction; starting materials
Products – substances after reaction; what is made

14. Chemical Reactions Law of Conservation of Mass (Matter)
Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction
Mass of products must equal mass of reactants

15. Conservation of Mass