Photosynthesis Vocabulary Review

The process by which light is used by chloroplasts to make sugar Photosynthesis

Primary pigments used by autotrophs during photosynthesis chlorophyll

Substance that reflects certain wavelengths of light and absorbs others Pigment

Pigments that collect wavelengths of light that chlorophyll can’t Secondary pigments

An energy storage chemical formed when a phosphate is added to ADP ATP

A process by which bacteria or other organisms may use chemical reactions to give them energy Chemosynthesis

Any organism which makes food Heterotroph

The compounds remaining after ATP releases its energy ADP and P

Organelle which performs photosynthesis Chloroplast

structures in chloroplast made up of thylakoids grana

Coin like stacks of membrane that carry out the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis Thylakoids

The liquid part of the chloroplast stroma

Windows in the leaf that let oxygen out and carbon dioxide in stomata

The part of the chloroplast where the light independent reactions occur stroma

The part of the light- independent reactions where hydrogen is added to carbon dioxide Calvin cycle

The part of photosynthesis which requires light Light-dependent reactions

The part of photosynthesis which uses ATP as the source of energy Light-independent reactions

The part of the light- dependent reactions which splits water and forms NADPH Photosystem I

The chlorophyll molecules which allow electrons to become excited and ready to move down the electron transport chain Photosystem II

Reactants of photosynthesis Water and carbon dioxide

Products of photosynthesis Glucose and oxygen

The series of chemicals which allow electrons to transfer energy to ATP in the light-dependent reactions Electron transport chain

CELLULAR RESPIRATION VOCABULARY REVIEW

6 carbon molecule that is produced first when acetyl-CoA joins with a 4 carbon molecule to enter the Krebs cycle. Citric Acid

process of splitting a glucose molecule into 2 pyruvic acid molecules. Glycolysis

molecule used by cells to store and transfer energy is ATP

Glycolysis happens outside the mitochondria in the Cytoplasm

happens when oxygen is present and includes glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and Electron transport. Aerobic Respiration

This describes a process that requires oxygen Aerobic

This atmospheric gas is required for aerobic respiration Oxygen

This describes a process that does NOT require oxygen; it means “without air” Anaerobic

Type of fermentation used by human muscles in low oxygen conditions Lactic Acid Fermentation

Type of fermentation used by bacteria to make vinegar Acetic Acid Fermentation

Type of fermentation used by yeast to make ethanol Alcoholic Fermentation

Cycle that breaks down pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and produces NADH, FADH 2, and ATP. Krebs Cycle

The NADH and FADH2 produced during the Krebs cycle pass their electrons down the______ _____ chain. Electron Transport

This 3 carbon molecule is produced during glycolysis when glucose splits in half Pyruvic Acid

Cell organelle which acts as the cell’s power plant to burn glucose and store energy as ATP Mitochondria

If oxygen is NOT present, glycolysis is followed by __. Fermentation

Type of fermentation used to make bread dough rise. Yeast Fermentation

This molecule has the formula C 6 H 12 O 6 and is split in half during glycolysis Glucose

The carbon atoms in pyruvic acid end up as _____in the atmosphere following the Krebs cycle. Carbon Dioxide

The folded inner membranes inside a mitochondrion are called. Cristae

Is the storage form of glucose used by animal cells which can be broken down for energy when glucose is used up. Glycogen

The area inside the cell where krebs cycle and electron transport occur Mitochondria