Agenda Introduction to government systems Warm-Up Get out your green warm-up sheet

Many types of governments SS7CG4: The students will compare and contrast various forms of government SS7CG4: The students will compare and contrast various forms of government a. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal b. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic Essential questions!! Why do countries choose the type of government that they do? How could two countries that have the same type of government be different?

Can you tell me the names of these people and their title?

Answers 1. David Cameron- PRIME MINISTER of the United Kingdom 2. Abdullah II- KING of Jordan 3. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad- PRESIDENT of Iran 4. Barack Obama- PRESIDENT of the United State of America 5. Queen Elizabeth- QUEEN of England

Types of Government are based on one key question: How do governments distribute power?

Unitary Characterized by or constituting a form government in which power is held by one central authority Characterized by or constituting a form government in which power is held by one central authority Ex: Saudi Arabia Ex: Saudi Arabia

Central Authority Unitary Ways Government Distributes Power Regional Authority

Monarchy Type of unitary government system Type of unitary government system A government in which the supreme power is lodged in the hands of a monarch who reigns over a state or a territory, usually for life and by hereditary right A government in which the supreme power is lodged in the hands of a monarch who reigns over a state or a territory, usually for life and by hereditary right Can have a constitutional Monarchy Can have a constitutional Monarchy Saudi Arabia is a Monarchy Saudi Arabia is a Monarchy

Confederation Voluntary associations of independent state that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action, and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation Voluntary associations of independent state that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action, and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation Ex: OPEC Ex: OPEC

Central Authority Confederation Ways Government Distributes Power Regional Authority

Federal Characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities Characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities Ex: UAE Ex: UAE

Sovereign power is formally divided- usually by a constitution Sovereign power is formally divided- usually by a constitution Usually have a central authority and a number of constituent regions (states, colonies, or provinces) Usually have a central authority and a number of constituent regions (states, colonies, or provinces) Regions have power and are in direct contact with the central authority Regions have power and are in direct contact with the central authority Central authority and regions work together and individually. Central authority and regions work together and individually.

Federation / Federal Ways Government Distributes Power Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority

How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Democracy OligarchicAutocratic Government Power Citizen Participation Government Power General Citizens’ Participation Government Power Citizen Participation Select Citizens’ Participation High Participation Low or No Participation

Autocratic Government in which one person possesses unlimited power Government in which one person possesses unlimited power Citizen has little if any role in the government Citizen has little if any role in the government Most common type of gov’t Most common type of gov’t Military and police power Military and police power Position usually inherited Position usually inherited Absolute Monarchs Absolute Monarchs 3 types 3 types

#1 Dictatorship The leader has not been elected and uses force to control all aspects of social and economic life. The leader has not been elected and uses force to control all aspects of social and economic life. Examples: Adolf Hitler in Germany and Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union Examples: Adolf Hitler in Germany and Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union

#2 Absolute Monarchy A monarchy has a king, queen, emperor or empress. A monarchy has a king, queen, emperor or empress. The power is usually inherited or passed down from family members. The power is usually inherited or passed down from family members. The monarch has absolute power meaning they can make all decisions without consulting anyone. The monarch has absolute power meaning they can make all decisions without consulting anyone.

#3 Constitutional Monarchy Kings, queens or emperors share power with elected legislatures. Kings, queens or emperors share power with elected legislatures. Generally the Kings are nothing more than figureheads. Generally the Kings are nothing more than figureheads. The government is a democratic one that limits the monarchs’ power. The government is a democratic one that limits the monarchs’ power. Example: Great Britain Example: Great Britain

Oligarchic Government by a few Government by a few Sometime a government in which a small group exercise control especially for corrupt and selfish purpose Sometime a government in which a small group exercise control especially for corrupt and selfish purpose Citizen has a very limited role Citizen has a very limited role The group gets its power from military power, social power, wealth, religion or a combination. The group gets its power from military power, social power, wealth, religion or a combination. Ex: communist countries Ex: communist countries

Oligarchic & Autocratic Vary rarely they rule for the people Vary rarely they rule for the people Reality citizens have very little say in both types of government Reality citizens have very little say in both types of government Elections may be held but only one candidate is on the ballot Elections may be held but only one candidate is on the ballot

Agenda Review Government Systems Cubing Activity Warm- up Please get out Notes from yesterday Blue sheet you completed for homework Neon yellow definition sheet Essential Questions 1.Why are there various forms of government? 2.How do governments determine citizen participation? 3.How is governments distribute power?