Six Kingdoms of living Organisms

Six Kingdoms and Three Domains

3 Domains

Kingdom ARCHAEBACTERIA ( Monera) Let's take a look at a grouping of Vibrio vulnificus bacteria. This scanning electron micrograph shows these bacteria at about 13,000 times their actual size. These bacteria are in the same family with others that cause a disease called cholera. This species is a little different because these can be found in salt water. They are defined as halophilic vibrios (salt loving).

Other Examples of Archaebacteria Halobacterium salinarium Archaesglobus fuldigusMethanococcus jannaschii Sulfolobus solfataricus Thermoplasma volcanicum

Archaebacteria Ancient bacteria Live in extreme environments (acid pools, salt lakes, boiling water) Prokaryote Cell (No Nucleus) Smallest living organism Cell Walls without peptidoglycan Autotrophs (green pigment for photosynthesis) Heterotroph Unicellular

Check Off For Archaebacteria (check YES if true, leave blank if NO)  Prokaryote  Carries out photosynthesis  Heterotrophs  Autotrophs  Multicellular  Unicellular  Carries out cellular respiration  Decomposers  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2  Has cell wall  Carries out protein synthesis

Answers - Archaebacteria  Prokaryote yes  Carries out photosynthesis yes  Heterotrophs yes  Autotrophs yes  Multicellular  Unicellular yes  Carries out cellular respiration  Decomposers  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2  Carries out protein synthesis

Kingdom EUBACTERIA (Monera) We now introduce you to the one species of the famous Staphylococcus genus. This scanning electron micrograph of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria shows them at about 9,500 times their normal size. These are a bit special and known by scientists as methicillin-resistant (antibiotic resistant). When infection occurs, skin infections usually occur. But don't worry. If you are healthy, your body easily fights off these wee beasties.

Examples of Eubacteria Salmonella typhus Neisseria gonorrhea E. coli Heliobacter pylorii

3 Shapes of Bacteria A. Bacilli – rod shaped, ex. E. coli B. Cocci – sphere shaped, ex. Staphococcus C. Spirilli – spiral shaped, ex. Syphilis

Cyano bacteria (Also called blue-green algae)

*Notice NO chloroplast (a membrane bound organelle)

Eubacteria

Questions: Archaebacteria and Eubacteria 1.Which bacteria is believed to have been earth’s first living organism? 2.What does Archae- mean? What does this tell you about archaebacteria? 3.What does Eu- mean? What does this tell you about eubacteria? 4. Are these bacteria prokaryotes or eu- karyotes? Explain your answer.

5. What color is cyano? What special adaptation do cyanobacteria have? 6.How do cyanobacteria obtain their energy compared to eubacteria and archaebacteria? 7.Do bacteria have a cell wall? Is it like a plant cells cell wall? Explain. 8. Are all bacteria harmful? Explain.

 Prokaryote  Carries out photosynthesis  Heterotrophs  Autotrophs  Multicellular  Unicellular  Carries out cellular respiration  Decomposers  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2  Carries out protein synthesis Check Off For Eubacteria (Check Yes if True, Leave Blank if NO)

 Prokaryote yes  Carries out photosynthesis yes  Heterotrophs yes  Autotrophs yes (photo and chemosynthesis)  Multicellular  Unicellular yes  Carries out cellular respiration (anaerobic) yes  Decomposers yes (some are)  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2 yes  Carries out protein synthesis yes Check Off For Eubacteria (check YES if true, leave blank if NO)

Animal Kingdom

Examples of other animals (invertebrates) people forget about!

INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS

More strange animals

Animal Cells Prokaryote Membrane Bound Organelles Mitochondria RER SER Golgi Nucleus Lysosome

Does a snake have a backbone?

Vertebrate Animals

Check Off For Animal (check YES if true, leave blank if NO)  Eukaryote  Carry out photosynthesis  Heterotrophs  Autotrophs  Multicellular  Unicellular  Carry out cellular respiration  Decomposers  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2  Carries out Protein Synthesis  Has a cell wall

Check Answers - Animal  Eukaryote yes  Carries out photosynthesis  Heterotrophs yes  Autotrophs  Multicellular yes  Unicellular  Carries out cellular respiration yes  Decomposers  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2 yes  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2  Carries out protein synthesis yes  Has a cell wall

Plant Kingdom

Vascular Plants

Needles Cones Naked Seed

Check Off For Plants (check YES if true, leave blank if NO)  Carries out photosynthesis  Heterotrophs  Autotrophs  Multicellular  Unicellular  Carries out cellular respiration  Decomposers  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2  Has cell wall  Carries out protein synthesis

Check Answers - Plants  Eukaryote yes  Carries out photosynthesis yes  Heterotrophs  Autotrophs yes  Multicellular yes  Unicellular  Carries out cellular respiration yes  Decomposers  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2 yes  Carries out protein synthesis yes  Has cell wall yes (Cellulose)

Protist Kingdom Autotroph (photosynthesis)

Amoeba hunts for lunch, a paramecium (Hetertroph)

Protista Cells Cell Structure Protista

Check Off For Protist (check YES if true, leave blank if NO)  Carry out photosynthesis  Heterotrophs  Autotrophs  Multicellular  Unicellular  Carry out cellular respiration  Decomposers  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2  Carries out protein synthesis  Has a cell wall

Check Answers - Protist  Eukaryote yes  Carries out photosynthesis yes  Heterotrophs yes  Autotrophs yes  Multicellular yes  Unicellular yes  Carries out cellular respiration  Decomposers  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2  Carries out protein synthesis  Has a cell wall

Fungi Kingdom

Check Off For Fungi (check YES if true, leave blank if NO)  Carry out photosynthesis  Heterotrophs  Autotrophs  Multicellular  Unicellular  Carry out cellular respiration  Decomposers  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2  Carries out protein synthesis  Has a cell wall

Check Answer - Fungi  Eukaryote yes  Carries out photosynthesis  Heterotrophs yes  Autotrophs  Multicellular yes  Unicellular yes (yeast)  Carries out cellular respiration yes  Decomposers yes  Takes in O 2 and releases CO 2 yes  Takes in CO 2 and releases O 2  Carries out protein synthesis yes  Has a cell wall yes (Chitin)

Clues Vocabulary Terms Most inclusive taxonomic category _ _ 1 _ _ _ Group of similar families 2 _ _ _ _ Group of closely related classes _ _ _ 3 _ _ Types of classification based on evolutionary 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ history Group of closely related orders 5 _ _ _ _ Group of closely related species _ _ _ 6 _ Branching diagram showing evolutionary change _ 7 8 _ _ _ 9 _ _ One of the two domains of unicellular prokaryotes _ _ 10 _ _ _ _ _ Group of genera that share many characteristics _ _ _ _ 11 _ Group into which organisms are classified _ _ _ 12 _ The other domain of unicellular prokaryotes _ _ 13 _ _ _ _ Domain of all organisms whose cells have nuclei _ _ 14 _ _ _ _ Riddle: What kind of clock does a paleontologist use? Answer : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _