ATP Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration Photo- synthesis Cell Organelles
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine Triphosphate
What is the function of cellular ATP?
A source of cellular energy
How is energy released from ATP?
By removing a phosphate from ATP
What is the product of removing a phosphate from ATP?
ADP
How do cells get energy from ATP?
Through enzyme activity that releases stored energy
What does aerobic mean?
In the presence of oxygen
In what organelle does cellular respiration occur?
The mitochondria
What happens during cellular respiration?
Glucose is broken down to make ATP
Where does aerobic respiration occur?
In any cell that needs energy
When does aerobic respiration occur?
Anytime it is necessary
What does anaerobic mean?
In the absence of oxygen
What are the two possible final products of anaerobic respiration?
ethyl alcohol and lactic acid
How much ATP is produced during anaerobic respiration?
2 molecules of ATP
When would alcoholic fermentation be necessary?
To make beer, wines, and yeast breads
When would lactic acid fermentation be necessary?
When muscle cells run out of oxygen.
Why can cellular respiration and photosynthesis be considered opposite processes?
Photosynthesis stores energy whereas cellular respiration releases energy.
How does photosynthesis relate to energy?
It stores energy
What organisms carry out photosynthesis most effectively?
Green plants
What do the products of photosynthesis become in relation to cellular respiration?
The reactants of cellular respiration
What are the starting materials for photosynthesis?
Sunlight, water, carbon dioxide
What part of the eukaryotic cell is responsible for photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts
Which organelle is the control center for the cell?
Nucleus
Which part of the cell regulates what comes in and out?
Cell Membrane
Which organelle of the cell makes proteins and where is it located?
Ribosomes Rough ER
Which organelle makes lipids and processes proteins?
Smooth ER