The Tree of Life How Do We Classify Organisms Chapter 17: The Tree of Life How Do We Classify Organisms

How do we group the place where the utensils are place? Draw it in the space below There are 1.9 million different identified species (alive and extinct) –How can we keep all these organisms in order?

Classification –is the method of logically grouping organisms based on some common characteristics Physical & Structural similarities Biochemistry– more similar the proteins the more similar the DNA Evolutionary history

Binomial Nomenclature. –Every species is given a two-part scientific name using Latin words Homo sapiens – that’s us Homo sapiens – that’s us Canis familiaris – domestic dogCanis familiaris – domestic dog Felis domestica – house catFelis domestica – house cat Think of the many words you can use to describe something that is really, really good.

8 Major Levels of Classification Dear King Philip Came Over From Germany Saturday

The Taxonomic order: From the largest, most inclusive group to the smallest, most exclusive, specific taxa. Taxa Human Grizzly Chimp DomainEukarya Eukarya Eukarya Kingdom Animalia AnimaliaAnimalia Phylum Chordata ChordataChordata Class Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Order Primate CarnivoraPrimate Family Hominoidae UrsidaeHominoidae Genus Homo UrsusPan Species sapiens arctostroglodyte Which two organisms are more closely related and why?

The Six Kingdom System KingdomCell Type# of CellsNutrition Representative organism Archaebacteria ProkaryoticUnicellular Autotrophic or Heterotrophic Blue-green bacteria, Eubacteria ProkaryoticUnicellular Autotrophic or Heterotrophic E.coli, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Spirochetes Protista Eukaryotic Unicellular, filament or colonial Autotrophic or Heterotrophic Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena Fungi Eukaryotic Uni or Multicellular Absorptive Heterotroph Yeast, Mushrooms, Molds Plantae EukaryoticMulticellularAutotrophic Mosses, ferns, Conifers, Flowering plants Animalia EukaryoticMulticellular Ingestive Heterotroph Sponges, Coral, Sea stars, EW, Insects, Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals

Name the 6 Kingdoms 1.Eubacteria 2.Archaebacteria 3.Protista 4.Plantae 5.Animalia 6.Fungi

Name their Kingdom

Name the Kingdom 1.Multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that have chloroplast. Plants 2.Multicellular eukaryotic organisms that lack cells walls. Animals 3.Unicellular, prokaryotes that cause human diseases. Eubacteria 4.Unicellular, eukaryotes that have characteristics of the other kingdoms. Protists 5.Unicellular, prokaryotes that like their extreme environments. Archaebacteria 6.Multicellular, eukaryotes that have cell walls & are absorptive heterotrophs. Fungus 7.Amoeba, paramecium, Euglena. Protists 8.E. coli, Salmonella, MRSA. Eubacteria 9.Sponge, earthworm, frog. Animal 10.Ferns, moss, pine trees and oak trees. Plants 11.Mold, mushrooms and yeast. Fungus 12.Autotrophic eukaryotes with cell walls of cellulose. Plant

Cladistics evolutionary look Cladistics Takes an evolutionary look into classificationCladogram is an evolutionary tree which uses a major evolutionary characteristic to characterize a group/groups Clade Group of species Derived Characters Trait that is common to all the species up the cladogram

Outgroup

Heterotrophic Has legs 6 legs Lacks wings Has wings 2 pairs of wings Curly Antennae