Chapter 10: The Hebrew Kingdoms Lesson 1 The Origins of the Hebrews

MAIN IDEAS Belief Systems The Hebrews believed in one God and tried to follow his commandments. Geography Enslaved Hebrews returned from Egypt to Canaan to reclaim land. Government Hebrew leaders (judges) attempted to rule according to their understanding of God’s laws.

CA State Standards 1. Describe the origins and significance of Judaism as the first monotheistic religion based on the concept of one God who sets down moral laws for humanity. 2. Identify the sources of the ethical teachings and central beliefs of Judaism & how the ideas of the Hebrew traditions are reflected in the moral and ethical traditions of Western civilization. 3. Explain the significance of Abraham & Moses in the development of the Jewish religion. 4. Discuss the locations of the settlements and movements of Hebrew peoples, including the Exodus and their movement to and from Egypt, and outline the significance of the Exodus to the Jewish and other people.

The Hebrew People in Canaan EQ: What is the central belief of the Hebrews? From Ur to Canaan Torah—first five holy books, or scriptures, of Hebrew Bible Hebrew history, laws, beliefs believed to have been given by God Abraham—shepherd in Ur around 1800 B.C.; was father of Hebrews Torah says God sent Abraham from Meso. to settle in Canaan, the Promised Land

Judaism and Monotheism The Hebrew People in Canaan EQ: What is the central belief of the Hebrews? Judaism and Monotheism Hebrews believed God made a covenant with Abraham, promising descendants, land, & a future Messiah Judaism is the religion that descended from God’s dealings with ancient Hebrews. The name comes from Judah, one of 12 sons of Jacob

Canaan to Egypt & Back EQ: Why did the Hebrews go to Egypt? Moses Leads the Israelites Jacobʼs sons and grandsons were fathers of the 12 tribes Famine forced Israelites to Egypt; later, pharaoh enslaved Israelites Moses led Israelites from Egypt on a migration called the Exodus

Canaan to Egypt & Back EQ: Why did the Hebrews go to Egypt? The Ten Commandments Torah says God gave Moses two stone tablets at top of Mount Sinai containing Ten Commandments— basis for Israelite laws Commandments became major part of Western moral, ethical traditions Israelites wandered as nomads in Sinai desert for 40 years An Agreement Confirmed If Israel obeyed His laws, God would protect them

Promised Land Return EQ: What role did the judges play? The 12 Tribes of Israel Joshua succeeded Moses & led Israelites back to Canaan, which was occupied by powerful people in fortified cities Take over began with Jericho & lasted 200 years After wars, Israelites divided land between tribes

Promised Land Return EQ: What role did the judges play? Judges Lead the Israelites Respected male and female judges served as advisors & military leaders. Famous judges included Gideon, Samson, Samuel, Deborah People went back/forth serving God/other gods

Write a paragraph summarizing the lesson “The Origins of the Hebrews.” summary & so what Write a paragraph summarizing the lesson “The Origins of the Hebrews.” Choose one thing you wrote about and explain why it matters to the world today. Choose one thing you wrote about and explain how it affects you personally.

Summary & So What Lesson Summary Abraham led the Hebrews to Canaan. Moses gave the Hebrews the Ten Commandments. The judges led the Israelites in Canaan. Why It Matters Now . . . Judaism was the first monotheistic religion. Christianity and Islam both derive from Judaism.