Take notes so that you remember!

 Independent ◦ Hortatory ◦ Jussive  Dependent ◦ Purpose

 Dependent Clause ◦ What does this mean?  There is another main verb in the sentence  A purpose clause cannot stand on its own

EExpress reason or purpose for doing something ◦A◦Answer the questions, “why?” and “for what purpose?”

 Express reason or purpose for doing something ◦ Answer the questions, “why?” and “for what purpose?” ◦ I study every night so that I will do well on quizzes

 Express reason or purpose for doing something ◦ Answer the questions, “why?” and “for what purpose?” ◦ I am going to the store to buy groceries

 Express reason or purpose for doing something ◦ Answer the questions, “why?” and “for what purpose?” ◦ We run in order that we might catch/in order to catch the bus

 Introduced by “ut” (negative “nē”). The main verb is usually indicative, and the verb in the purpose clause is subjunctive. Everything else stays the same.

◦ Agricola fert aquam ut bibat – the farmer brings water so that he might drink

 Introduced by “ut” (negative “nē”). The main verb is usually indicative, and the verb in the purpose clause is subjunctive. Everything else stays the same. ◦ Agricola fert aquam nē uxor sua ira sit – the farmer brings water so that his wife is not angry/lest his wife is angry

◦ When your main verb is: present, future, future perfect, or perfect (simple past “verbed”), use present subjunctive

◦ When your main verb is: imperfect, pluperfect, or perfect (present past “has/have verbed”), use imperfect subjunctive

◦ Both the present and imperfect subjunctives can express time when or time after because there is no future subjunctive.

◦ You cannot verb for the purpose of verbing in the past, so your dependent (purpose) clause does not need to express time before.