1. Fear Clauses I’m afraid we have to learn them

2. What is it? A fear clause is a subordinate clause denoting fear or apprehension.

3. How to spot them Subordinate clause with a verb in the subjunctive. Main clause includes a verb (or participle or noun) of fearing Introduced by ne for the positive, ut or ne...non for the negative

4. How to translate them Add “that” after the verb of fearing (just like with indirect statements) Present subjunctives = may Imperfect = might Perfect = have/has Plpf = had

5. These seem easy, surely there’s a trick? ut = negative ne = positive I’m not afraid of these!

6. But why ?????!!!! Not my fault Originally the two clauses in the sentence were 2 independent clauses (in two sentences). The first clause was just a statement expressing fear The second clause was a jussive (command). Ex: Timeo! Ne sis pirata! I am afraid! Don’t be a pirate! Became: Timeo ne sis pirate! I’m afraid that you are a pirate!

7. Exempla! Domitia, fragore audito, verita est ne Paris de arbore cecidisset. Domitia, with the crash having been heard, feared that Paris had fallen from the tree. Clemens veretur ut pueri Domitiano placuerint. Clemens is afraid that the boys have not pleased Domitian. periculum est ne litterae ad Agricolam non portarentur. It is dangerous that the letters might not be carried to Agricola.