Why read Shakespeare? Although we are separated from Shakespeare by 500+ years, some things have not changed. In his work, Shakespeare deals with many different human emotions such as: joy, sorrow, fear, anger, desire, hate and love. His plays also deal with ethical dilemmas.

Shakespeare in the Movies She's the Man: The Twelfth Night 10 Things I Hate About You, based loosely on Shakespeare's Taming of the Shrew Romeo Must Die: Romeo and Juliet

Familiar Expressions “The beginning of the end” “To thine own self be true” “Beat it” “The world is my oyster” “Love is blind” “Catch a cold” “Out of the question”

William Shakespeare Born April 23, 1564 Died April 23, 1616 During Elizabethan Age Wrote 37 plays

The Wooden “O” The Globe Theater – 3 tiers or levels Groundlings: people who paid a penny to watch the play standing at floor level The higher the seats, the more important the person Shakespeare acted with the company called Lord Chamberlain’s Men, which later became The King’s Men (named for King James)

Why read Shakespeare? He has a very deep influence on the English language and on western culture. He is partly responsible for the world that you grew up in and for the ideas, words and expressions that, perhaps unconsciously, shaped you and the culture you live in.

Language of Shakespeare Early Modern English About Same as King James Bible Rom 13:[9] For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou shalt not covet; and if there be any other commandment, it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. Iambic pentameter

Iambic Pentameter How each line is written Iambic: one stressed then one unstressed syllable Ex: (da DUM) Pentameter: Five So how many syllables would most lines have? da DUM, da DUM, da DUM, da DUM, da DUM

Iambic Pentameter The normal order may be changed so that it fits this meter: This MORN ’ing BRINGS WITH it a GLOOM ’ing PEACE a GLOOM ’ing PEACE this MORN ’ing WITH it BRINGS

Tragedy A story in which the noble main character fails of dies because of a personal flaw or twist of fate

Vocabulary Tragedy History Comedy

Tragic Hero The main character of a tragedy

Foil A character whose personality contrasts with another. Foil characters accentuate the positive and negative qualities of the other (Ex: Batman and Joker, Pip and Estella, Pip and Joe, etc.)

Word Play Any clever use of the double meanings of matching sounds or words (soul/sole, merry/marry/Mary, etc.)

Blank Verse Unrhymed verse/poetry

Soliloquy A speech in which a character alone on stage “thinks aloud” to him or herself

Aside A private remark that a character on stage makes to the audience which is not heard by the other characters (on the side=aside)

Comic Relief A funny/humorous scene that relieves the tension of stressed moments in the play.

Paraphrase To restate in one’s own words what someone else said or wrote; it is the same length as the original text.

Dramatic Irony When the audience knows something that the characters on stage do not

Situational Irony When we expect one thing to happen, but something else happens instead. “Surprise ending”

Verbal Irony When the writer says one thing but means something different; sarcasm. “Nice weather we’re having” as it storms outside.

Plot Diagram for Plays/Short Stories

Julius Caesar Words to Know Scene III Conjoint Construe Infuse Prodigious Sufferance Retentive Base Faction Redress Bestow Bequeath Clamor ACT One Scene I Knave Concave Exalted Servile Scene II Countenance Vex(ed) Conception Cogitation Yoke Fawn Aught Chafe Buffet Sinew Recount Entreat Wrought Seduce Conceit Confound Covert Flourish Grievous Homage Indignant Lament Malice Melancholy Muse Mutiny Obscure Revere Rhetoric Soothsayer

ACT 2 Scene I Augment Flint Instigate Interim Phantasm Visage Affable Interpose Valor Dismember Hew Chide Purge Prodigy Disperse Prevail Dank Rheum(y) Commend Incorporate Appertain Counsel Constancy Scene II Augur Entrails Portent Imminent Tincture Render Revel Scene IV Praetor

ACT 3 Scene I Repeal Unassailable Prostrate Appease Carrion Discourse Scene II Legacy Mantle Rent

ACT 4 Scene I Covert Bay Scene II Salutation Scene III Chastisement Legion Chide Tenor Proscription Apparition

ACT 5 Scene I Parley Scene III Disconsolate Conceive Engender Garland Scene V Tarry Attain Rite