1. The World of Shakespeare Honors Survey of Literature 2010-2011

2. Cornell Notes Topic:Questions Class: Period: Date: Notes ? Don’t write everything I say, just the important things. Use abbr. Summary: Please take Cornell notes for slides 3-20

3. Shakespeare’s Life William Shakespeare was an English playwright from the 16 th Century. William Shakespeare was an English playwright from the 16 th Century. He was born 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. He was born 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. He died on April 23, 1616. He died on April 23, 1616.

4. At the age of 18, he married an older woman, Anne Hathaway. At the age of 18, he married an older woman, Anne Hathaway. He had 3 children- Susanna and twins, Hamnet and Judith. He had 3 children- Susanna and twins, Hamnet and Judith. He left them in Stratford to go be an actor and playwright in London He left them in Stratford to go be an actor and playwright in London Shakespeare’s wife probably didn’t look like this.

5. Elizabethan Theatre When Shakespeare was in London, Elizabeth I was the queen (1558-1603). This was called the Elizabethan Era. When Shakespeare was in London, Elizabeth I was the queen (1558-1603). This was called the Elizabethan Era. There was an explosion of literature and theater during this era. It is also called the English Renaissance because so much great art and culture developed during this time. There was an explosion of literature and theater during this era. It is also called the English Renaissance because so much great art and culture developed during this time.

6. Shakespeare first entered the theater as an actor traveling with different acting companies. Shakespeare first entered the theater as an actor traveling with different acting companies. At the age of 27, he decided to try writing plays. At the age of 27, he decided to try writing plays. His plays were popular when he was alive but nowhere close to how popular they are today. His plays were popular when he was alive but nowhere close to how popular they are today. He wrote 38 plays in total, although his authorship is questioned (what does that mean?) He wrote 38 plays in total, although his authorship is questioned (what does that mean?)

7. Shakespeare’s Plays Shakespeare looked for pre-existing stories for inspiration. He changed many details, but he never started from scratch when writing plays. He was a famous “borrower” of other people’s ideas. Shakespeare looked for pre-existing stories for inspiration. He changed many details, but he never started from scratch when writing plays. He was a famous “borrower” of other people’s ideas. His works can be traced back to various literary sources and incidents in his life and the world around him. His writing was influenced by Roman and Italian authors. His works can be traced back to various literary sources and incidents in his life and the world around him. His writing was influenced by Roman and Italian authors.

8. Shakespeare wrote 4 types of plays: Shakespeare wrote 4 types of plays: Comedies Comedies Humorous (Obviously) Humorous (Obviously) Tragedies Tragedies Have fatal endings Have fatal endings Histories Histories Chronicle the lives of royalty Chronicle the lives of royalty Romances Romances Weird hybrid plays (not exactly comedy or tragedy) Weird hybrid plays (not exactly comedy or tragedy) He also wrote: 154 sonnets, 3 long narrative poems, Several other poems He also wrote: 154 sonnets, 3 long narrative poems, Several other poems

9. Theater in the Elizabethan Age Elizabethans wanted plays with lots of excitement, romance, dirty jokes, ghosts, stabbings and sword fights. Elizabethans wanted plays with lots of excitement, romance, dirty jokes, ghosts, stabbings and sword fights. If they were not pleased, the audience would throw rotten eggs and vegetables at the actors. If they were not pleased, the audience would throw rotten eggs and vegetables at the actors.

10. Women were not allowed to act, so men had to play all parts. Young boys would often play the parts of women. Women were not allowed to act, so men had to play all parts. Young boys would often play the parts of women.

11. The Original Globe Theater The original theater was built in 1599 by the acting company, Lord Chamberlain’s Men. Most of Shakespeare’s plays were performed here. The original theater was built in 1599 by the acting company, Lord Chamberlain’s Men. Most of Shakespeare’s plays were performed here.

12. The Globe was 3 stories high, octagon-shaped and had an open air court in the middle. The stage reached into the middle area and was surrounded by tiers of seats that had a roof over them. The Globe was 3 stories high, octagon-shaped and had an open air court in the middle. The stage reached into the middle area and was surrounded by tiers of seats that had a roof over them. The upper- and middle- class sat in the seats. The upper- and middle- class sat in the seats. The poor people (called “groundlings”) paid a penny to stand in the center. The poor people (called “groundlings”) paid a penny to stand in the center.

13. Acting in The Globe There were no electric lights, sound effects, or big sets in The Globe. All performances took place during the day when there was light for the audience to see.

14. Because all the plays took place on a bare stage in the daytime, Shakespeare had to use language to convey time of day, weather, and mood. Characters who talk about how dark it is are setting the stage for the audience. Because all the plays took place on a bare stage in the daytime, Shakespeare had to use language to convey time of day, weather, and mood. Characters who talk about how dark it is are setting the stage for the audience.

15. Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare's tragic tale of two star-crossed lovers whose families get in the way of their happiness. Shakespeare's tragic tale of two star-crossed lovers whose families get in the way of their happiness. The story came from a poem by Arthur Brooke titled “The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and Juliet.” The story came from a poem by Arthur Brooke titled “The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and Juliet.”

16. Theatrical Devices Tragedy- the main character is brought to ruin or suffers extreme sorrow, especially as a consequence of a tragic flaw, moral weakness, or inability to handle bad circumstances. Tragedy- the main character is brought to ruin or suffers extreme sorrow, especially as a consequence of a tragic flaw, moral weakness, or inability to handle bad circumstances. Soliloquy- Soliloquy- a long conversation by a person who is talking to him or herself. It is intended to tell the character’s innermost thoughts. The character is usually on stage alone.

17. Theatrical Devices Irony- the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning, and an outcome of events contrary to what was, or might have been, expected Irony- the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning, and an outcome of events contrary to what was, or might have been, expected Dramatic Irony- irony that is understood by the audience, but not grasped by the characters in the play. Dramatic Irony- irony that is understood by the audience, but not grasped by the characters in the play.

18. Theatrical Devices Aside- part of an actor’s lines supposedly not heard by other actors on stage and intended only for the audience. Aside- part of an actor’s lines supposedly not heard by other actors on stage and intended only for the audience. Rhyme- The same sound at the end of a line. Tie, pie Rhyme- The same sound at the end of a line. Tie, pie Pun- the humorous use of a word or phrase to emphasize the different meanings; a play on words. The science teachers fell in love because they had great chemistry. Pun- the humorous use of a word or phrase to emphasize the different meanings; a play on words. The science teachers fell in love because they had great chemistry. Allusion- a brief reference to something in history, art, religion, etc. Allusion- a brief reference to something in history, art, religion, etc.

19. Theatrical Devices Plot Twist- an unexpected change in a story. Plot Twist- an unexpected change in a story. Comic Relief- Comic Relief- an amusing scene, incident, or speech introduced into serious or tragic elements, as in a play, in order to provide temporary relief from tension, or to intensify the dramatic action.

20. The End ENJOY! ENJOY!