Dr. Aidah Abu Elsoud Alkaissi An-Najah National University Employ evidence-based practice: key elements

The IOM Competency:Employ Evidence- Based Practice The IOM definition of EBP”integrate best research with clinical expertise and patient values for optimum care and participate in learning and research activities to the extent feasible EBP is connected to providing patient-centered care and to interdisciplinary teams Teams need to use EBP to provide the most effective patient- centered care There is a great need to get research results to the patient sooner

The IOM Competency:Employ Evidence- Based Practice Increasing use of evidence can improve the quality of care and avoid underuse, misuse and overuse of care To the nurse,the ability to get to the evidence, know what the evidence is, and apply the evidence as appropriate at the point of care Using evidence might impact interventions such as prevention, diagnostic tests, or therapy; affect the ability to compare alternatives; and in some cases,lead to the decision that no intervention is the best choice

Nursing Research The first step to understanding EBP is to describe research Research is a systematic investigation that includes research development,testing and evaluation Designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge One of the major sources of best evidence for practice comes from research results

Research approach Basic research Applied research

Basic Research Designed to broaden the base of knowledge rather than solve an immediate problems Results from basic research may be used to develop applied research

Applied research Designed to find a solution to a practical problem Nurses are involved in more applied research

Outcome research Focuses on determining the efectiveness of health care services and patient outcomes

Steps in the quantitative research describe problem statement identify research question (s) & hypothesis Identify the purposes of the study.explain what use will be made of findings Revew of literature. Provide a summary of critical literature that applies to the study Theoretical framework;use theories and conceptual models to organize research findings into a broader conceptual context.include conceptual and operational definitions of the variables (independent and dependent)in the framework. Identify assumption.

Steps in the quantitative research Ethical consideration Research design and methods A. Research design Name the research design.is the study a qualtitative or qualitative, what specific designs (such as experimental, quasi- experimental,descriptive,etc) is being used Provide an adequate rationale for choosing the research design Identify independent and dependent variables (if experimental)

Steps in the quantitative research Explain why variables were not designed as independent or dependent (if not an experimental study) B. Sample and sample selection 1. name the sample population 2.provide sample criteria (inclusion & exclusion criteria) 3. describe sample size using power analysis 4. Describe how those subjects who met the criteria were selected as study subjects (how were eligible subjects located) 5. if applicable describe how groups or treatments were assigned 6.name and justify the sampling method

Steps in the quantitative research C. Setting Briefly describe the setting for the study D. Measurement and instrumentation 1. discuss origin and type of measurement instruments Describe why the instruments are clearly appropriate to study the problem (i.e. Why the instrument can produce data that can answer the study question) Ensure that the instrument is compatible with the conceptual/theoretical framework If an instrument was developed, describe how it was developed, how it was tested for reliability/validity, and itspilot use Describe the reliability and validity for the instrument. Evaluate and report relevant reliability and validity from previous research

Steps in the quantitative research Data collection 1. describe how access to facilities was obtained 2. describe the data collection process and procedures chronologically and clearly enough to allow for replication (describe so that a stranger could use this procedure and collect the data as intended 3. Note who collected the data and the training required.provide data collection forms as required 4. describe control features of study procedures

Steps in the quantitative research Data analysis 1. answer each hypothesis of study question according to a specific plan for each. 2. identify appropriate statistical tests and the rationale for their use in analysing each study question or hypothesis and participants demographic data. Include level of measurement of each variable and selected level of significance. 3. specify and justify level of signigicance (0.5,0.01) for statistical results and findings

Steps in the quantitative research Limitations Ensure that limitations are clearly identified and appropriate Results, discussion and conclusion