INTER AFRICA EUROPEASIA NEW WORLD ATTACK!!!!

TECHNOLOLGY STIMULATES EXPLORATION

Technology of Exploration 1) cartography improved by using grids 2) compass - Chinese 3) astrolabe - Arabs

4) Triangle shaped lateen sails (Arabs) helped ships sail against the wind 5) multiple masts made travel faster 6) rudders at stern made them more maneuverable

7) In the 1400’s, the Portuguese added cannons and rifles to create the caravel.

EXPLORATION ROUTES & THE QUEST OF GOD, GOLD AND GLORY

Portuguese Exploration

Armed with new navigational technology, the Portuguese were the first Europeans to venture into the Atlantic in search for a water route to the Asia and India.

Prince Henry of Portugal ( ) was called the Navigator not because he went to sea himself, but rather because he encouraged exploration in the early 15th century. He brought together mapmakers mathematicians and astronomers to study navigation. (His explorers discovered the Azores, Madeira Islands, and Cape Verde Islands)

Bartholomew Dias was the first explorer to sail around the tip of Africa (1488) setting the stage for future navigations. Cape of Good Hope

In efforts to go beyond his predecessor, Vasco Da Gama (1497) sailed around Africa to be the first European to reach India by boat.

Spanish Exploration

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain backed Italian navigator Christopher Columbus. Columbus believed that he could reach India by sailing west. He left Spain in August of 1492 with 3 ships.

Columbus and his men were the first Europeans to set foot on the New World (Bahamas) but Columbus believed he was off the coast of India.

Maps of the time did not show any landmass between Europe and Asia. In 1507 Italian explorer (Sailing for Spain) Amerigo Vespucci suggested that Columbus had discovered a “New World”.

In 1519 Ferdinand Magellan (Portuguese) sailed for Spain to find a western route to Asia.

Near the tip of South America, Magellan passed through the strait into the South Sea. Magellan renamed it the Pacific Ocean because its waters were so peaceful.

Killed in the Philippines Magellan’s ships reached the Philippines where Magellan was killed. The surviving crew escaped and sailed for Spain. In 1522 the last ship arrived at Spain completing the first circumnavigation of the globe.

Line of Demarcation Portugal and Spain wanted to protect their claims in the Americas. In 1493 they asked the Pope for help. He drew a an imaginary line running down the middle of the Atlantic from the North to South Pole. Spain would have control of all lands to the west of the line; Portugal would control lands to the east of the line.

1494 Spain and Portugal signed the Treaty of Tordesillas moved the line farther west.