Simple Past
Use the simple past for: 1) action that happened in the past and is... over, done, finished Use the past continuous for: 1) action that was in progress at a specific point in the past OR 2) focusing on an action that continued for a long time in the past
Simple Past (Examples) Action that was completed in the past: Tom went fishing last week. I worked until 2:00 p.m. yesterday. My family came to visit me last year. *Time Expressions frequently used with the simple past: yesterday, last ______, past dates (in 1990), _____ ago, etc.
Past Continuous (Examples) Action that was in progress at a particular point in the past: At 2:00 yesterday, Tom was playing soccer. Sophia wasn’t home last night when I called her. I think she was working. Lisa and her husband were visiting us last week.
Grammar Structure: Here are some reminders about how to make the simple past and past continuous:
The simple past: structure English has two types of verbs in the past tense: taught walked studied gave became cried lived did Look at the following list of past tense verbs… which verbs are regular, and which are irregular? Regular verbs Irregular verbs
For regular verbs, simply use the –ed form of the verb in a positive sentence. When I was a child, I ___________ the piano. Donna ______________ and _______________ in Paris when she was younger.
For irregular verbs, use the correct past tense form in positive sentences. Last week, I ___________ you a letter. The students _____________ a speech in English. They __________ a great job!
The verb BE Remember the forms of verb BE for the simple past tense: I, He, She, ItWAS They, We, YouWERE
Simple Past (Negative) For all verbs (EXCEPT be), use:
1) Sara worked yesterday. Sara didn’t work yesterday. 2) They had an argument. They didn’t have an argument. 3) Sam took classes last year. Sam didn’t take classes last year. 4) I learned how to sew. I didn’t learn how to sew.
VERB BE (Negative) For this verb ONLY, never use didn’t. Simply ADD the word NOT after the verb. I was tired.I was NOT tired. She was here.She was NOT here. They are happy.They are NOT happy.
The Past Continuous: Don’t forget that VERB BE is part of this structure. I, He, She, It WAS You, We, They WERE
Examples: My mom was trying to call me last night, but I wasn’t home. The kids were studying last night at 9:00. I was cleaning my house all day yesterday.
Past Continuous (Negative) For this tense, simply ADD the word NOT after the verb BE. They were arguing last night. They were NOT arguing last night. She was yelling at me. She was NOT yelling at me.
Important Note about Past Continuous! Some verbs are NOT typically used in the continuous tense. Instead, we prefer to use these verbs in the simple tenses (simple present or past). These verbs are called STATIVE (or non-action) verbs. Here are some examples: wantlikelovehate knowneedseehear believeunderstandhave (possession) forgetrememberbelong
Examples: I liked Rome. NOT:I was liking Rome. She had a headache. NOT:She was having a headache. I knew the answer. NOT:I was knowing the answer.
Using both tenses together: Sometimes we use both the simple past and the past continuous together to mean... That one action (simple past) interrupted a continuing action (past continuous)
1.Dan burned his hand while he was cooking dinner. =in the middle of cooking dinner, he burned his hand. 2. When Helen called, we were having dinner. =in the middle of eating dinner, Helen called.
We can use 2 verbs in past continuous to say that two actions were happening simultaneously in the past: Ex. Jim was at the park. He was sitting on the grass and reading.
For more practice... 1) Go to our class website: 2) On the right side, click on Grammar Site. Then click on ) Click on Grammar, and then go down the page to Verbs. Click on activities for Simple Past and Past Continuous. These activities give excellent explanation and practice.
And... Remember to ask your teacher or another classmate if you need help. Your teacher can give you more explanation, examples, and exercises if you need them.