THE RELATIVE COMPARISON OF BODY FAT TO LEAN BODY MASS (MUSCLE, BONE, ORGANS). OR FAT WEIGHT COMPARED TO FAT FREE WEIGHT BODY WEIGHT = 200 LBS. %BODY FAT = 20% FAT WEIGHT = 40 LBS FAT FREE WEIGHT = 160 LBS

 NORMAL PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING  PROTECTION OF ORGANS FROM BODILY HARM  INSULATION AND BODY TEMPERATURE REGULATION  ENERGY STORAGE

EVALUATEEVALUATE YOUR HEALTH BETTERBETTER PLAN A PROGRAM OF WEIGHT CONTROL EVALUATEEVALUATE YOUR PROGRESS ON EXERCISE AND NUTRITION PROGRAM

METHODS OF ESTIMATING BODY COMPOSITION:

FAT TISSUE MEASURED WITH A CALIPER AT VARIOUS LANDMARKS ON THE BODY.

BODY VOLUME DETERMINED BY WATER DISPLACED. BODY DENSITY DETERMINED BY BODY WEIGHT IN WATER MOST ACCURATE BUT MOST EXPENSIVE

INSTRUMENT THAT MEASURES THE SPEED OF ELECTRICAL IMPULSES THROUGH THE BODY - Bioelectrical impedance measures the resistance of body tissues to the flow of a small, harmless electrical signal. The proportion of body fat can be calculated as the current flows more easily through the parts of the body that are composed mostly of water (such as blood, urine & muscle) than it does through bone, fat or air. MUSCLE IS A BETTER CONDUCTOR THAN FAT

OLD METHOD BASED ON AVERAGES FOR FRAME SIZE

Dual X-ray Absorptiometry Scan: this scan uses a low-level x-ray to determine your amount of body fat, bone and muscle. How does it work? Two x-ray beams at differing energy levels pass through the tissues of the body. Fat, muscle and bone each have different attenuating factors, i.e. different levels of absorption due to their unique densities. It is these attenuating factors that allow the DEXA to calculate relative masses of each tissue type in each region (trunk, arms, legs).

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a number calculated from a person's weight and height. BMI provides an indicator of body fatness for most people and is used to screen for weight categories that may lead to health problems.

WHAT IS RECOMMENDED % BODY FAT? ***STARTS AT 18 years of age!!!! Why would this be????

2 TYPES OF BODY FAT FAT THAT IS STORED IN THE ORGANS AND TISSUES OF THE BODY. ESSENTIAL FAT IS THE BARE MINIMUM FAT THAT IS REQUIRED FOR NORMAL BODY FUNCTIONING. 4%-6% 10%-12% (CHILD BEARING)

ADIPOSE TISSUE FOR INSULATION, PROTECTION, AND TEMPERATURE REGULATION 8% - 12% FOR MALES AND FEMALES EXCESS STORAGE FAT CONTRIBUTES TO A HIGHER RISK FOR HEART DISEASE AND OTHER HEALTH RELATED PROBLEMS

FAT CELLS ARE FORMED DURING THE LAST MONTH OF FETAL DEVELOPMENT AND CONTINUE TO FORM UNTIL THE EARLY 20’S. FAT CELL FORMATION IS ESPECIALLY RAPID DURING THE FIRST FEW YEARS OF LIFE AFTER YOUR 20’S, THE NUMBER OF FAT CELLS ARE SET, BUT THEY CAN INCREASE IN SIZE. OVERFEEDING CHILDREN CAN LEAD TO A LIFETIME OF OBESITY.

Disease Risk bases on Waist Circumference – the way people store fat affects their risk for disease

UNIT OF ENERGY DERIVED FROM FOOD HOW MANY CALORIES DOES IT TAKE TO BURN ONE POUND OF BODY FAT?

CALORIES IN - CALORIES OUT = NET CALORIC BALANCE IN OTHER WORDS... TAKE IN MORE CALORIES THAN YOU BURN … YOU GAIN WEIGHT. BURN MORE CALORIES THAN YOU TAKE IN … YOU LOSE WEIGHT

CALORIES IN - CALORIES OUT =NET CALORIC BALANCE PURPOSE OF CALORIES IN (EATING AND DRINKING): TO MEET METABOLIC NEEDS OF BODY TO SUPPLY FUEL FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY HOW DO YOU BURN CALORIES? METABOLISM PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LOSE WEIGHT, STAY THE SAME, OR GAIN WEIGHT

HOW MANY CALORIES CAN YOU BURN IN ONE MINUTE BY EXERCISING IN YOUR TRAINING HEART RATE ZONE? 8-15 CALORIES PER MINUTE

IF WEIGHT LOSS IS DESIRED, WHAT IS THE RECOMMENDATION FOR SAFE, PROPER, AND LONG-TERM WEIGHT LOSS? (AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION) TO INSURE QUALITY NUTRIENTS TO MEET THE BODY’S NEEDS TO INCREASE YOUR METABOLISM

Food source: function in the body: Calories per gram: Recommended % of calories in diet: Actual % of calories in an average U.S. diet: Grains, breads, veggies, fruits, pastas Primary source of fuel

Food source: function in the body: Calories per gram: Recommended % of calories in diet: Actual % of calories in an average U.S. diet: MEATS, POULTRY, WHOLE MILK PRODUCTS, VEGETABLE OILS INCREASES LIPIDS IN THE BLOOD THAT LEADS TO DEPOSITS IN THE ARTERIES

Food source: function in the body: Calories per gram: Recommended % of calories in diet: Actual % of calories in an average U.S. diet: MEATS, FISH, POULTRY, DAIRY PRODUCTS, EGGS AMINO ACIDS TO BUILD MUSCLE, ORGANS, HORMONES, AND ENZYMES

EXCESS CALORIES OF CARBOHYDRATES, FATS, AND PROTEINS ARE ALL CONVERTED TO...

FAT INTAKE SHOULD BE BASED UPON: YOUR BODY WEIGHT YOUR PERSONAL AND FAMILY HISTORY OF HEART DISEASE YOUR BLOOD CHOLESTEROL LEVEL YOUR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL Only 20 to 30 percent of your total calories should be from dietary fat.

What food source does your body utilize most during exercise?