Informal (Tú) Commands WALK! EAT! SLEEP!
In Spanish… When we want to tell a friend to do something we use informal (tú) commands… ¡Come! – EAT! ¡Camina!- WALK! ¡Duerme!- SLEEP! What looks familiar about these endings?
Commands are used for both do’s and don’ts Lets begin with the do’s (affirmative tú commands) To state the do’s of most verbs, conjugate the verb in the 3 rd person singular form. VERBCOMMAND caminar¡Camina!Walk! comer¡Come!Eat! dormir¡Duerme! Sleep! Affirmative (Positive) Commands
Irregular Affirmative Commands There are 8 irregular affirmative commands: VERBCOMMAND HacerHaz DecirDi PonerPon SalirSal TenerTen VenirVen IrVe SerSé
Let’s work on affirmative commands… Open the window!… –Verb Abrir Put it in the 3 rd person singular form= abre ¡Abre la ventana!
Speak now!... -Verb hablar -Put hablar in the 3 rd person singular form= habla ¡Habla ahora! Let’s work on affirmative commands…
Drink water!... -Verb beber -Put beber in the 3 rd person singular form= bebe ¡Bebe agua! Let’s work on affirmative commands…
Do your homework!... -Verb hacer -Put hacer in its irregular form= haz ¡Haz la tarea! Let’s work on affirmative commands…
Tell the truth!... -Verb decir -Put decir in its irregular form= di ¡Di la verdad! Let’s work on affirmative commands…
Negative Commands To state the don’ts- negative (tú) commands –Conjugate the verb in the present tense yo form –Drop the –o of the verb –Add an –as ending to –er/-ir verbs and an –es ending to –ar verbs VERBCOMMAND fumar¡No fumes! Don’t smoke! correr¡No corras! Don’t run! dormir¡No duermas! Don’t sleep!
Irregular Negative Commands There are 5 irregular affirmative commands: VERBCOMMAND SerNo seas EstarNo estés IrNo vayas DarNo dés SaberNo sepas
Don’t buy pizza!... -Verb comprar -Put comprar in the yo form= compro -Drop the o= compr -Add an –es because comprar is an –ar verb= compres -Put no in front ¡No compres la pizza! Let’s work on negative commands…
Don’t open the door!... -Verb abrir -Put abrir in the yo form= abro -Drop the o= abr -Add an –as because abrir is an –ir verb= abras -Put no in front ¡No abras la puerta! Let’s work on negative commands…
Don’t drink soda!... -Verb beber -Put beber in the yo form= bebo -Drop the –o= beb -Add an –as because beber is an –er verb= bebas -Put no in front ¡No bebas los refrescos! Let’s work on negative commands…
Verbs with spelling changes… There are several verbs that change spelling when made into negative commands to keep their sound… 1. Jugar- ¡No juegues! - g changes to gue to keep the hard g sound 2. Verbs ending in –car like Practicar - ¡No practiques! -c changes to a que to keep the hard k sound
These next verbs have spelling changes… –Either g changes to gue OR c changes to a que Don’t play in the house! - Verb jugar ¡No juegues en la casa! Let’s work on negative commands…
Don’t arrive late! ¡No llegues tarde! Don’t touch the piano! - Verb tocar ¡No toques el piano! Let’s work on negative commands…
Don’t go!... -Verb ir -Put ir in its irregular form= vayas -Add no in front ¡No vayas! Let’s work on negative commands…
Eat more fruit! ¡Come más frutas! Sleep 8 hours a day! ¡Duerme ocho horas al día! Te toca a ti…
Don’t run in the house! ¡No corras en casa! Don’t open the book! ¡No abras el libro! Te toca a ti…