Petroleum Lenka Kašparová Lenka Krpatová

Petroleum Thick dark brown or greenish liquid Thick dark brown or greenish liquid It‘s name comes from Latin petr – rock and oleum – oil It‘s name comes from Latin petr – rock and oleum – oil Sometimes we called it black gold Sometimes we called it black gold Petrol exists in the upper strata of some areas of the Earth‘s crust Petrol exists in the upper strata of some areas of the Earth‘s crust

Origin of petrol It‘s formed from decayded prehistoric animals and plants It‘s formed from decayded prehistoric animals and plants Over many centuries this organic matter, mixed with mud, is burried under thick sedimentary layers of material. Over many centuries this organic matter, mixed with mud, is burried under thick sedimentary layers of material.

Composition Petroleum consists of hydrocarbons Petroleum consists of hydrocarbons Non-hyrocarbon fractions – which might also include sulphur (till 4%), nitrogen (till 1%), oxygen (till 1%) Non-hyrocarbon fractions – which might also include sulphur (till 4%), nitrogen (till 1%), oxygen (till 1%) Traces of metals – vanadium, nickel,…. Traces of metals – vanadium, nickel,…. Mineral additions – water, sand, salts Mineral additions – water, sand, salts

Treatment of petroleum I Petroleum is processed by atmospheric pressure distillation: Petroleum is processed by atmospheric pressure distillation: –Gasseous products – methan, ethan, propan, butan –Petrol ether (solvent, engine fuel) –Light and heavy petrol (automobile fuel)

Treatment of petroleum II Kerosene (jet engine fuel) Kerosene (jet engine fuel) –Gasoil (diesel fuel) –Lubrication oil (engine oil) –Remaining fractions(tar, asphalt, synthetic rubber, colours…)

Environmentals effects Burning oil releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which contributes to global warming. Burning oil releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which contributes to global warming. Renewable energy source alternatives do exist, although the degree to which they can replace petroleum and the possible environmental damage they may cause are uncertain and controversial. Renewable energy source alternatives do exist, although the degree to which they can replace petroleum and the possible environmental damage they may cause are uncertain and controversial.

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