1. RENEWABLE OR NONRENEWABLE Energy resources are limited and are either renewable or nonrenewable There are advantages and disadvantages to using any energy source The use of any energy resource carries an environmental cost that must be weighed against economic benefit RenewableRenewable Nonrenewable Nonrenewable

2. RENEWABLE RESOURCES can be replenished over a short period of time (months, years or decades) ---close to the rate at which they are used Include vegetation, sunlight, and surface water

3. NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES are replaced very slowly or not at all---takes millions of years to replace. They include fossil fuels which are relatively cheap and easy to use once they are extracted from the earth---but cause pollution. Fossil fuels include oil, natural gas and coal.

4. 1. The solid fossil fuel is COAL (made from swamp plants) Burning coal causes the most pollution and releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere which is responsible for global warming. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and other air pollution that is collecting in the atmosphere traps the sun's heat and causing the planet to warm up. Coal- burning power plants are the largest U.S. source of carbon dioxide pollution

5. Burning coal also causes acid rain when sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) is released into the atmosphere Trees killed in the Smokey Mtns.

6. The liquid fossil fuel is OIL.. Also known as petroleum (made from buried remains of ocean animals and plants) Specific fuels made from oil are gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and fuel oil Automobiles are the second largest source of carbon dioxide pollution in the U.S.

7. The gas fossil fuel is NATURAL GAS Butane Methane Methane, butane, and propane are made from natural gas (Made from buried remains of ocean animals and plants)

8. RESOURCEADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES NUCLEAR ENERGY Uses fission (splitting atoms) to produce large amounts of energy Does not release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere Produces radioactive wastes that stay radioactive for thousands of year Nuclear power plants are very expensive to build

9. VIRGINIA’S NATURAL RESOUCES INCLUDE: 1. Coal is the most abundant natural resource in Virginia—30-40 million tons a year for 1 billion dollars a year 2. Gravel is used in road construction 3.Limestone is used to make concrete 4. Titanium is combined with other metals to make a stronger and lighter metal than steel 5. Silica for electronics

10. AMAZING EARTH SCIENCE FACTS 1. Virginia resources include __________________________ with _____________________________being found in greatest abundance 2. The Earth’s Water Supply is ____________ but also finite 3. _________________resources are renewed very slowly or not at all Includes _____________________ and minerals 4. ____________ resources can be replaced by nature at a rate close to the rate at which they are used Includes vegetation, water and sunlight limestone, coal & gravel Coal (1 billion $$$ a year) renewable Nonrenewable coal, oil, natural gas Renewable