From developing to implementing a National Action Plan for Adaptation in Tunisia Lessons Learnt Supported by:

CLIMATE CHANGE PARAMETER Globalisation Market Price of products, services,.. Cost of production factors Population growth, urban expansion,.. Impact / vulnerability: - Exposure - Sensitivity - Response Example: Impacts of climate changes will diminish Benefits of agriculture and market opportunities In poor countries whilst impacing on the rich World all at one

Process 4 years of severe droughts ( ) in Tunisia prompted presidential intervention to develop adaptation strategy to CC in agriculture, water and ecosystem sectors Steps: 1.Study of national and regional climate data 2.Study of potential effects of CC for Tunisia 3.Diagnosis of three sectors (agriculture, tourism, health, without CC) 4.Climate projections for 2030 and Participatory development of adaptation strategy 6.Development of action plan

Temperature increase until 2030 ( °C in winter) Temperature increase until 2050 Prediction based on HadCM3 model

Increase of mean annual temperature for whole country: +1,1°C until Increase of mean annual temperature for whole country: +2,1°C until Increase of frequency and intensity of dry years until 2030, higher variability Decrease of water resources (groundwater recharge less 28%, surface water flow less 5%) Higher risk of forest fires Lower agricultural productivity Weak reduction of rainfall until 2030 Climate change projections In wet years: Irrigated crop yields (grains) might increase by over 20%

Adaptation strategy Reorientation from short term crisis management to adaptation strategy to CC effects Integration of climate variability in policies and economy of the country Multi-sectoral approach to be able to manage negative socio-economic impacts to CC in agricultural sector

Institutional stakes The capacity for cooperation, meaning the development of adaptation methods and inter-institutional capacities Climatic events will take place which did not occur in the previous century, requiring institutional flexibility and well functioning coordination between different stakeholders (intersectoral and multidisciplinary) Planning and decison making processes to be developed in order to mobilize capacities and finance in a sustainable manner

Financing aspects Long term national budget planning and implementation Introducing adaption budget lines within sectoral programmes and projects Identifying and preparing bankable programmes for sustainable sector investments like p. ex. water sector Creating and development of absorption capacities in the public and private sector Development of financing strategies for capturing funds from different sources(bi- and multilateral funds & others)

Elements of Strategy - Water Setup of an early warning system Apply IWRM, guidelines and implementation rules Establish links of water sector to waste, construction, industry, tourism, health etc. sectors, Institutional reforms and decentralization Water storage & Desalinization New water tariff policy Reuse of wastewater UserConsumesPays Agriculture81 %17 % Domestic14 %62 % Industry4 %8 % Tourism1 %12 %

Way forward Setup of inter-sectoral climate council (ministries of agriculture, environment and cooperation) Budgeting of climate oriented risk management (finances, HR, information) Setup of an information management system for all sectors concerned (agriculture, water, waste, environment, tourism, health & industry) Centre d’Information sur le Changement Climatique (CICC) Awareness campaigns in institutions and for population Adaptation of “ carte d’agricole “ to CC and enforcement Adaptation of legal basis (laws, by-laws) Implementation of strategy and action plan (capacity development and infrastructure investments )

Lessons Learnt Necessity to have scientific backing of CC projections Adaptation measures are often not „hot news“ but sensible application of IWRM principles, existing laws and guidelines Challenge: To avoid uncoordinated singular measures on local level But: Consideration of local needs in development of national strategies (LAPA – Local Action Plan for Adaptation)

Lessons Learnt Promotion of decentralization is very helpful In order to facilitate structural changes, a multi-sectoral approach is needed. Water as a cross-cutting medium Integration of sector strategies in national climate protection strategy needed Roles need to be defined, mandates clear in order to facilitate coordination (MARH, MoEnv as focal point UNFCCC)

Thank you Merci