A biome is an area that has the same climate (weather) and the same organisms that live there. Biomes have no distinct boundaries but are characterized by climate and dominate plants and animals * Biomes help scientists describe the world. There are ____ land biomes and ___ water biomes72

* Tundra Tundra * Coniferous Forest Coniferous Forest * Deciduous Forest Deciduous Forest * Tropical Rain Forest Tropical Rain Forest Temperate Grasslandrassland Savanna * Desert Desert

Where is the tundra? Around the North Pole and near the Arctic Ocean Also found at the top of mountains Climate (weather) coldest biome Very cold and dry Temperature: less than -5°C Only has 25 centimeters or less of rain every year What the land looks like Permafrost: the dirt that is always frozen (even in the spring and summer)

Northern Canada, Greenland, northern Asia

Plants Lichens, Mosses, grass They cover the rocks and ground Animals wolf ermine caribouduck marmot polar bear snowy owl During the winter animals living on a tundra have a thick layer of fat gained during the summer, they are covered with thick insulating furs or feathers, they have adapted color changing fur (brown in summer, white in winter), they also have short/stocky arms and legs to keep them warmer(closer to the body). Some tundra animals use solar heating to keep warm

There are __________ kinds of deserts. two Hot deserts and cold deserts Sahara DesertGobi Desert hot desert cold desert

In Africa, western North America, western Asia, central Australia, and western South America.

* Climate * gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year * hot during the day and cool at night * Climate * gets less than 25 centimeters of rain every year * cold all of the time

* Some plants, called succulents, store water in their stems or leaves; Some plants have no leaves or small seasonal leaves that only grow after it rains. The lack of leaves helps reduce water loss during photosynthesis. Leafless plants conduct photosynthesis in their green stems. Long root systems spread out wide or go deep into the ground to absorb water; Aloe Barrel Cactus Prickly Pear Cactus

Black-collared lizard snakes camel desert iguana roadrunner jackrabbit Most large animals have not adapted to desert life. Their size prevents them from finding shelter from the Sun's heat and they are not able to store water for future use. Hunt at Night and stay in shade Because fat intensifies heat, a unique physical adaptation of some desert animals is the storage of fat in humps or tails, rather than throughout the entire body. Animals have long ears or long body parts to reduce heat build up

Climate Cold and snowy What the land looks like In the winter: Ground is frozen In the spring: Taiga: swampy forest Snow melts and the ground becomes wet and swampy because the deeper ground is frozen

In Canada, Alaska, northern Asia, and northern Europe EuropeAsia Canada Alaska

Conifer trees (have cones) Have needles covered with wax Wax protects the needles from freezing needles are dark in color allowing more solar heat to be absorbed many trees have branches that droop downward to help shed excess snow to keep the branches from breaking cone needles Kinds of conifer trees pine fir spruce

MooseBeaverWolfBlack bear Hawk OwlLynx Wolverine Red Squirrel Snowshoe Rabbit

Climate Summers are warm Winters are cold Gets 75 centimeters of rain every year (that’s over 2 feet of rain!) What is special about deciduous trees? The leaves change colors and fall off the trees in autumn and grow new leaves in the spring The leaves on the ground make the dirt better and help plants grow.

Deciduous forests are between northeastern United States and Canada. Dominates the eastern United States. Others grow in Europe and eastern Asia.

* Trees—lose there leaves * Oak* Hickory * Maple* Beech * Flowers * Lily of the valley * Star Flower

EagleBrown BearBlack BearChipmunk RaccoonPorcupineRed Fox White-tailed Deer MouseCoyote

Climate Rains almost everyday Gets almost 10 feet of rain every year.(up to 400cm) Very hot and humid all year long

Located near the equator The largest tropical rainforest is in South America. It is called the Amazon rain forest. They are also found in central Africa, Central America, Southeast Asia, Hawaii, and a small area of Australia.

There are _____ kinds of grasslands. two Temperate grasslands: called prairies Tropical grasslands: called savannas Climate All grasslands get between 25 and 75 centimeters of rain every year.

The largest grassland is in Africa. There are also grasslands in North America, South America, central Asia, and northern Australia.

Some are found in the Midwest area of the United States Land is usually flat Not a lot of trees Animals Graze it down, fires also prevelant The most important plant is __________. grass

Largest savannas are found in Africa There are only a few trees on the savanna(group in clumps) Why don’t a lot of trees grow? Savanna does not get a lot of rain Animals eat the trees before they can start growing tall

Grass Can live without a lot of rain Acacia tree Baobab tree

African elephant Black RhinocerosCheetah Giraffe HippopotamusHyena Lions Ostrich Warthog Wild Dog Zebra

* MarineMarine * FreshwaterFreshwater

* The marine biome is the _________________ biome. ocean * covers about 70% of the Earth * has salt water * Organisms that live in the ocean are able to live in the salt water. * sunlight, water pressure, and water movement affect the organisms too because of these things, the ocean is divided into different areas different organisms live in each area or level * The water that is very deep has cold temperatures, high pressures, and is very dark

Many of the plants live near the top of the water they need the sunlight to help them grow and make food Examples: Kelp, Algae, Sea grass

Most marine organisms live near the top of the water or close to land(Intertidal zone) Many animals dig down into the sand or hang on to rocks, so they do not get lost in the sea Other larger animals live where the water is deep barracuda star fishclown fishcrab flashlight fishgreen sea turtlekiller whaleshrimp

* Includes still water and moving water * Examples of still water* Examples of moving water * lakes and ponds * rivers and streams * Freshwater means it does not have _______________ in it salt

* Many of the plants that live in freshwater have strong roots to keep them in one place. * Some plants grow around the edge of the lake or float on the top of the water cattailwater lily

bass carp mallards trout bull frog

* Estuary * border between a freshwater biome and a marine biome * are salt marshes, lagoons, swamps, and mouths of rivers that go into the ocean * are a mixture of freshwater and salt water * not very deep, so sunlight gets to all the water * have many fish and plants

Mountains—Colorado Rockies– as you go up in elevation you have colder temps and less biotic factors. You can experience a Deciduous forest, Taiga and Tundra as you go up the mountain.