CHAPTER 12 The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism, 1812–1824

Theme #1 – War of 1812  Theme: The American effort in the War of 1812 was plagued by poor strategy, political divisions, and increasingly aggressive British power. Nevertheless, the United States escaped with a stalemated peace settlement, and soon turned its isolationist back to the Atlantic European world.

Beginning the War  Initially high hopes for conquering Canada  Naval Wars / Naval Defense -fairly successful Captain Oliver Hazard Perry

Francis Scott Key  Marine Corps Air ground Combat Center Stage Marine Corps Air ground Combat Center Stage  Star Spangled Banner sung by US Presidents Star Spangled Banner sung by US Presidents

Chapter 12 Battle of Horseshoe Bend Battle of the Thames Hartford Convention Washington Irving James Monroe James Fenimore Cooper Daniel Webster George Canning Fletcher v Peck John Marshall McCulloch v. Maryland Dartmouth College v. Woodward Tallmadge Amendment Cohens v. Virginia Rush-Bagot Agreement Era of Good Feelings Russo-American Treaty 1824 Gibbons v. Ogden Treaty of 1818 Land Act of 1820 Missouri Compromise of 1820 / Henry Clay nationalism sectionalism internal improvements / American System / Erie Canal isolationism nonintervention Monroe Doctrine British Army (Canadians) invade  Invasion of America Burn Washington March to New Orleans Jan 1815 (Andrew Jackson’s militia) War of 1812 song  John Horton’s War of 1812 John Horton’s War of 1812  Canadian Parody by Three Dead Trolls in a Baggie Canadian Parody by

Federalist Party Reaction  the Hartford Convention Death of the party Unpatriotic - if not “treasonous” Secret Journal – Nathan Dane

Theme #2 – American nationalism  The aftermath of the War of 1812 produced a strong surge of American nationalism that was reflected in economics, law, and foreign policy. The rising nationalistic spirit and sense of political unity was, however, threatened by the first severe sectional dispute over slavery.

 Economics – trade restored, country grow stronger, interstate commerce, all working well  Political unity – Federalists disappear, people fall into one big political “party umbrella”  Foreign Policy – return to isolationism, problems solved without war: Rush-Bagot Treaty (1817) & Convention of 1818 & Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

 American system of improvement Roads and canals Tariffs to pay for the improvements  Protective Tariff of 1816  Panic of 1819  Foreign Affairs Rush-Bagot Treat of 1817 Convention of 1818 (Treaty of 1818) Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 Monroe Doctrine (1823)

 Missouri Compromise of 1820 First major compromise over slavery between the NORTH and the SOUTH over territory in the WEST Missouri, Maine, 36’30” line

Theme #3 – federal government grows in strength  Chief Justice John Marshall's Supreme Court strengthened the federal government by supporting a "loose construction" of the Constitution, asserting the federal judiciary's power over state courts, and enforcing economic provisions in the Constitution (interstate commerce, sanctity of contracts).

 Fletcher vs. Peck (1810) GA property rights and legal contracts  McCulloch vs. Maryland (1819) National Bank issue  Cohens vs. Virginia (1821) Lottery across state lines / states rights  Gibbons vs. Ogden (1824) NY waterways and interstate trade