2. The Age of Jefferson 1801-1812

3. Jefferson as President Making the presidency safe for democracy Initial acts –Alien and Sedition Acts expire –Naturalization Act of 1802 (Reduced time become citizen) –Debt reduction –Eliminates internal taxes (whiskey tax)- farmers love him for it! The Judiciary –Repealed Judiciary Act of 1801 (and their midnight appointed judges) –Attempted (but failed) to remove justices by impeachment (who gets to select a new justice??) “We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists.” ~ Thomas Jefferson’s First Inaugural Address ~

4. Louisiana Purchase 1800 – France acquires Louisiana from Spain Haiti –Toussaint L’Ouverture leads a slave rebellion New Orleans –Robert Livingston and James Monroe offer France up to $10 million for New Orleans 1803 - Napoleon offers to sell all of Louisiana –$11.25 million –Assume French debt (3.75 million) –Total: $15 million "By enlarging the empire of liberty we … provide new sources of renovation, should its principles, at any time, degenerate, in those portions of our country which gave them birth.” ~ Thomas Jefferson ~

5. The Louisiana Purchase  Final Tally  828,000 miles 2  529,920,000 acres  2.8¢/acre  Doubles size of country "Let the Land rejoice, for you have bought Louisiana for a Song.” ~ Gen. Horatio Gates ~

6. Lewis and Clark Expedition Meriwether Lewis and William Clark 1805-6 Purposes –Map the Missouri River –Find Northwest Passage –Scientific study “Corps of Discovery” –specially-established unit of United States Army –Objectives-to study the plants, animal life, and geography, and how to economically exploit area Sacagawea (Indian guide)

7. Barbary Pirates -US Navy, Marines defeated pirates in North Africa -“From the halls of Montezuma to the Shores of Tripoli”

8. The Duel Essex Junto (name given to them by Hamilton) –New England Federalists, frustrated with Jefferson, work for secession at the Hartford Convention –Aaron Burr wants to run for governor (lost to Jefferson due to Hamilton earlier) –Hamilton a big critic of Burr Burr challenges Hamilton to duel –July 11, 1804 –Hamilton dies without firing a shot “A dangerous man, and one who ought not to be trusted with the reigns of government.” ~ Alexander Hamilton ~

9. The Election of 1804 Jefferson runs for second term Jefferson - 162 Charles Pinckney - 14 Federalist party –Moderates become Republicans –Main party (High Federalists) localized to New England

10. Neutrality Endangered France –Continental System (1806) No one under French/Napoleon control can trade with Britain Britain –Orders in Council (1806) Neutral countries not allowed to trade with France France –Milan Decree (1807) Neutral countries not allowed to trade with Britain Other problems –Impressment 1803-1812: 6,000 U.S. sailors impressed “Honest friendship with all nations, entangling alliances with none” ~ Thomas Jefferson’s First Inaugural Address ~

11. America Responds Non-Importation Act (1806) –Forbids importation of specific British goods –Does not work Embargo Act (1807) –All trade with Europe ended –Extended in 1808 –Repealed in 1809 Non-Intercourse Act (1809) –Banned trade with Britain and France –BUT, would reopen trade with whomsoever abandoned trade restrictions Jefferson declines a third term –Madison becomes President –“Virginia Dynasty”