1. Jefferson’s presidency (1800- 1808)

2. Washington, D.C. 1791- Pierre L’Enfant, a French architect, designed the layout of the city Adams was the first to move in, 1800 Jefferson first full-term president to live in the White House

3. Jefferson’s Inaugural Address Stressed limited government Supported states’ rights Preservation of civil liberties “Peace, commerce and friendship with all nations, and entangling alliances with none”

4. Jeffersonian Democracy Goals -liberty -equality -strong local government -reduce national debt -agriculture-based economy -expand U.S. territory -anti-war Reality -racist -loose interpretation of Constitution -regulated national economy -led U.S. to brink of war

5. Events Leading to the Louisiana Purchase 1800 – France (Napoleon) regained the Louisiana territory from Spain Spanish officials still in New Orleans closed New Orleans to Americans Jefferson feared the threat of an imperial power and possible trade restrictions on the Mississippi Jefferson sent ministers to France to purchase New Orleans and West Florida

6. Constitutional Question No clause explicitly stated that a president could purchase foreign land Jefferson argued the lands could be added to U.S. as an application of the Presidential power to make treaties

7. Lewis and Clark Expedition Scientific exploration of the Louisiana Territory Strengthened U.S. Claims to Oregon Improved American Indian Relations Developed maps for settlers and fur trappers

8. John Marshall Federalist, appointed by Adams before leaving office His decisions strengthen the role of the Supreme Court at the expense of states’ rights

9. Marbury v. Madison Jefferson wanted to block the appointment of “midnight judges” by Adams William Marbury sued, but did not get his commission Marshall ruled the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional By ruling a law of Congress unconstitutional Marshall established the doctrine of “judicial review” and extended the power of the Supreme Court

10. Aaron Burr Plotted against Jefferson with his party “Quids” Northern Confederacy Conspiracy Duel with Hamilton Conspired with Gen. Wilkinson Tried for treason but found not guilty

11. Jefferson’s Second Term Challenges to U.S. Neutrality Britain and France regularly seized the ships of neutral nations and confiscated cargo Britain captured American sailors and impressed (forced) them to serve in British navy

12. Chesapeake-Leopard Affair British ship Leopard fired on U.S. ship Chesapeake 3 Americans killed; 4 others impressed into British navy

13. Charting a Course of Neutrality Embargo Act of 1807 prohibited American merchant ships from sailing to any foreign port Embargo backfired – hurt U.S. economy Jefferson repealed Embargo Act and replaced with the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809, which stated: U.S. ships could trade with all nations except Britain and France President could authorize trade with Britain or France when they ceased violating neutrality rights

14. Jefferson’s Presidential Record First Term Reduced the size of federal government, repealed excise taxes, lowered the national debt by a third Louisiana Purchase – doubled the size of the country Second Term Attempt to avoid a policy of either appeasement or war by the use of economic pressure was a failure