1. Egypt

2. The Nile The Nile is the longest river in the world
It stretches over 4,000 miles north to south

3. The Nile Cont.
The land in the north makes the Nile Delta and is known as lower Egypt.
The land in the south is known as upper Egypt.

4. The Nile Delta
A delta is a triangular shaped piece of land formed by the split of a river.
The land in between the split is the delta.

5. The Nile Floods The Nile flooded every September or October
The floods left a thick black mud that was good for growing.
Crops were then planted and harvested in the spring.

6. Barriers for Defense The desert to the west Red Sea to the east
Churning rapids called cataracts to the south
Mediterranean Sea to the north

7. Barriers on the map

8. Egyptian Religion Polytheistic Two groups, sun and land gods
Sun God Ra, the most important.

9. Religion Cont.
The other two most important land Gods were Osiris and Isis
Isis represented the ideal mother and wife.

10. Religion continued
Osiris the God of the dead, weighed each dead person’s soul
If the soul was heavier than a feather a beast called the devourer of souls emerged to eat the person.

11. Religion Cont. Pharaohs means God King
Pharaohs continued to rule after death
To appease them the pyramids were built as lavish tombs

12. Egyptian History
Egypt’s history begins around BC when Menes unites the villages of upper and lower Egypt.

13. The Old Kingdom Lasted from 2700-2200 BC Powerful kings
Developed a bureaucracy or an organization with officials and regular procedures.
Pyramids built

14. Middle Kingdom 2050-1652 BC Golden age
Attacked and colonized neighbors.
Ended with attack of the Hyksos in 1652

15. New Kingdom 1567- 1085 BC The pharaoh Kanose began driving Hyksos out
Hatshepsut drove the Hyksos completely out.

16. Hatshepsut First woman pharaoh Built a massive temple
Killed by her nephew Thutmose III

17. Thutmose III Lead 17 military campaigns
Built massive buildings and temples

18. Amenhotep IV Made Aton the sun disk god the only god
Changed name to Akhenaton
Closed temples of other gods

19. Tutankhamen “King Tut” Restored all Gods, reopened all temples
Became king at age 8.
Murdered

20. Ramses II Reigned from 1279- 1213BC Lived to age 99 had 150 kids
Less than 200 years after his death the empire fell.

21. Egyptian Society Organized like a pyramid God Kings at the top
Upper class nobles and priests
Merchants artisans and scribes (middle class)
Slaves

22. Society cont. Husband master of house
Wives respected in charge of educating children
Practiced monogamy (one wife)
Boys got married and left home between the ages of

23. Technology
Early Egyptian writing were hieroglyphics meaning priest carvings or sacred writings.
Eventually written on temple walls for all.

24. Technology Cont. Used geometry to survey property lines
Used splints to set broken bones
365 day calendar, day months, 5 days set aside for feasting