1. LAB 5: CIRCULATORY SYSTEM PART 3 (ARTERIES) Dr. Kim Wilson

2. Part A Major Arteries of the Human  Lab manual reference - Exercise 32, pg. 472 - 475

3. Major Arteries of the Human Body

5. Major Arteries of the Human Body cont.

6. Major Systemic Arteries of the Body  Aorta – largest artery  Ascends upward from the ascending aorta from the left ventricle and then goes down to the descending aorta through the thoracic cavity  Ascending aorta  Branches are right and left of the coronary artery  Aortic arch  Brachiocephalic trunk is the first branch of the arch Divides into the right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery  2 other branches Left common carotid artery Divides to form the internal carotid artery (serves the brain) and the external carotid artery (supplies extracranial tissues of the neck and head via the superficial temporal, ophthalmic, maxillary, facial, and occipital arterial branches) Left subclavian artery Note: In armpit the subclavian arteries become the axillary arteries (left and right)

7. Major Systemic Arteries of the Body  Vertebral artery  Runs from posterior neck to supply the cerebellum, part of brain stem, and posterior cerebral hemispheres  Thyrocervical trunk  Location: lateral to vertical artery  Function: serves thyroid gland and some scapular muscles and the costocervical trunk

8. Major System Arteries of the Body  Arteries Serving the Thorax and Upper Limbs  Axillary artery  Becomes the brachial artery as enters arm Brachial artery divides at the elbow to becomes the radial and ulnar arteries  Runs through axilla and gives off several branches in the chest and shoulder girdle Thotacoacrimal artery (shoulder and pectoral regions) Lateral thoracic artery (lateral chest wall) Subscapular artery (scapula and dorsal thorax) Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries (shoulder and deltoid muscles)

9. Major Systemic Arteries of the Body  Arteries Serving the Thorax and Upper Limbs cont.  Internal thoracic (mammary) arteries  Arise from subclavian arteries and supply mammary glands, thorax wall, and anterior intercostal structures via anterior intercostal artery Posterior costal artery  Abdominal aorta  Function: serves the abdominal organs and ultimately lower limbs

10. Major Systemic Arteries of the Body  Arteries Serving Abdominal Organs  Celiac trunk  Unpaired artery, divides into three branches: Left gastric artery Splenic artery Common hepatic artery Gives off branches to the right gastric artery  Hepatic artery proper  Forms from gastroduodenal artery branching off  Right and left gastroepiploic arteries  Branches of the gastroduodenal and splenic arteries (serve the stomach)

11. Major Systemic Arteries of the Human Body  Superior mesenteric artery  Largest branch of the abdominal aorta  Supplies small intestines and first half of large intestines  Suprarenal arteries  Flank the superior mesenteric artery  Serve the adrenal glands  Renal arteries  Gonadal arteries  Ovarian arteries or testicular arteries  Infereior mesenteric artery  Supplies distal half of large intestines  Lumbar arteries  Common iliac arteries  Serve pelvis, lower abdominal wall, and lower limbs

12. Major Systemic Arteries of the Human Body  Arteries Serving the Lower Limbs  Common iliac arteries  Extend to pelvis and divide into the internal and external iliac arteries  Internal arteries supply gluteal muscles through the superior and inferior gluteal arteries and adductor muscle of the thigh via the obturator artery  External iliac artery supplies anterior abdominal wall and lower limb Becomes the femoral artery as it extends into the thigh

13. Major Systemic Arteries of the Human Body  Femoral artery cont.  Braches to the circumflex femoral arteries Supply the head and neck of the femur and hamstring muscles  Branches to the deep artery of the thigh Supply the posterior thigh  Branches to become the popliteal artery Subdivisions: anterior and posterior tibial arteries Supply the leg  Posterior tibial branches into the fibular artery Supplys the lateral calf Divides into the lateral and plantar arteries Supply blood to feet  Anterior tibial artery branches into the dorsalis pedis artery Continues to the arcuate artery which branch into the metatarsal arteries

14. Major Systemic Arteries of the Human Body  Arteries  have thicker walls than veins (tunica media thicker)  expand and recoil as blood passes through  Elastic Arteries  Larger arteries need to with stand pressure fluctuations and have large amounts of elastic tissue in their media  Muscular Arteries  Smaller arteries have less elastic tissue and more smooth muscle in their media

15. Heart, anterior view Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

16. Heart, posterior view Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

17. Blood Vessels of the Abdomen and Pelvis Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

18. Blood Vessels of the Thorax Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

19. Blood Vessels of the Pelvis Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

20. Arteries of the Forearm and Hand Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

21. Blood Vessels of the Leg Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

22. Thorax Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

23. Part B: Major Arteries of the Cat Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

24. Major Arteries of the Cat Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

25. Major Arteries of the Cat  Lab manual reference – pg. 733, Activity 4 Identifying the Arteries of the Cat (We will not do the dissection procedure.)  Figure D4.2 Arteral System of the cat. (pg. 732)  Figure D4.4 Hepatic Circulation of the Cat (pg. 737)

26. Arteries of the Thorax Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

27. Arteries of the Thorax Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

28. Blood Vessels Near the Heart Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

29. Blood Vessels Below the Diaphragm Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

30. Arterial Branches of the Aortic Arch Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

31. Arteries of the Neck Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

32. Blood Vessels Near the Heart Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

33. Branches of the Upper Abdominal Aorta Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

34. Major Blood Vessels of the Lower Abdomen Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

35. Terminal Branches of the Descending Aorta Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

36. Questions