1. An Uneasy Peace Objective… Explain the difficulties President Wilson encountered in trying to project his progressive ideas to the world and to his own constituents.

2. Making peace Three stages… The armistice… The Paris Peace Conference… The Treaty of Versailles… U.S. ratification… Wilson’s political mistake prior to the Paris Peace Conference…

3. 42) What were the 14 Points? In general terms… –Wilson’s blue print for peace –Moral vision for the world In specific terms… - Freedom of the seas - Open covenants – No secret treaties - Free trade - Reduce military armaments - Mediation of competing colonial claims - Establish a League of Nations

4. The article… “Woodrow Wilson Wouldn’t Yield”

5. The article… 1) To what extent did Wilson’s personality and upbringing shape the controversy over the Treaty of Versailles?

6. The article… 2) Explain the significance of the term Wilson’s “holy crusade”.

7. The article… 3) Relate the causes of World War I to Wilson’s response in his 14 Points.

8. The article… 4) What were Wilson’s hopes for the League of Nations?

9. The League of Nations Implement the principles Resolve disputes Article X - Collective security –“The members of the League undertake to respect and preserve as against external aggression the territorial integrity and existing political independence of all Members.”

10. 5) Contrast the mood of the country at the beginning of American involvement to the end of the war.

11. Wilson in Paris 43) How successful was Wilson in applying his Fourteen Points?

12. 6) What forces outside of the U.S. helped derail Wilson’s ideal?

13. 7) What forces inside the U.S. helped derail Wilson’s ideal?

14. 8) In what ways did Wilson’s handling and management of the peace negotiations ultimately undermine the ratification process?

15. 9) If you had been a Senator in 1919, would you have supported the Treaty? Explain your answer.

16. 10) What would it have taken to get the deal done?

17. The Big Four… Great Britain Hidden motive: Revenge France Hidden motive: Security from Germany Italy Hidden motive: Additional land United States Germany feels betrayed - Why?

18. Allied motives?... FRANCE -Security from Germany ENGLAND -Revenge ITALY-Additional land

19. The Treaty of Versailles Germany became financially responsible for ALL damage caused during the war. (REPARATIONS) Reduced their army & navy Lost territories... Lost Alsace-Lorraine (ceded to the French) provided much of its coal for manufacturing. Lost with its African colonies… trade markets & raw materials. Germany is severely weakened & no longer a world power Germany’s economy & morale decline, giving rise to Nazi Party.

21. Objective… Identify the reasons for Senator Lodge & others objecting to the League of Nations.

22. The Treaty Fight 44) Why was there a fight about ratifying the Treaty of Versailles in the U.S. Senate?

23. Wilson’s opposition at home? The Irreconcilables… The Reservationists…

24. The Treaty Fight 45) Why did Wilson resist Lodge’s actions & what did he try to do instead? The end result?...

25. How did Wilson respond to his opposition? Took the fight to the American people 8,000 mile speaking tour 23 days / 36 speeches Sept. 25 – collapsed in CO. Suffered stroke –paralyzed

26. 52) What did the results of the 1920 election reflect about American society?

27. The Election of 1920 Rep.– Senator Warren Harding – Called for a retreat from idealism & a “return to normalcy” Rejection of the Treaty of Versailles and the League

28. What message is being conveyed?... Who might have published this cartoon?...

29. What message is being conveyed?...

32. World War I TEST

33. What message is being conveyed?...