1. Chapter 10 – Sectional Conflict Intensifies
Section 1 – Slavery and Western Expansion
President Polk sees trouble coming.
*How?
Wilmot Proviso – proposed in Congress – any
territory gained from Mexican war = NO SLAVERY
** DOES NOT PASS **
popular sovereignty – (*What does this mean???)
citizens of new territories decide slavery question
Why did Congress prefer the idea of popular sovereignty?
-California is admitted as a free state
-Congress promises strong federal enforcement of Fugitive Slave Act

2. Compromise of 1850
(thanks to Stephen A. Douglas of IL) – split a bill presented by Henry Clay that would ease North-South tensions

3. Compromise of 1850
Benefit for the North
Concession to the South
California enters as free state
Mexican territory = no slavery restrictions
New Mexico/Texas border settled in favor of New Mexico
Federal government assumes Texas’ war debts
Outlaw slave trade in Washington DC
Did not completely outlaw slavery
Congress cannot mess with domestic slave trade
Strict enforcement of Fugitive Slave Act

4. Section 2 – Mounting Violence The Fugitive Slave Act
an African American only had to be pointed out to be a runaway slave to be arrested
no right to a trial
**Why would this upset the Northerners?

5. The North’s response??
The Underground Railroad
Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad 8:22
Harriet Tubman Biography
Assignment:
p. 324 #1, 2, 3, 4
p. 331 #1, 2, 4, 5

6. Section 3
President Buchanan suggests the Supreme Court decide on slavery
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
Dred Scott was a slave in Missouri
owner took him to live in a free territory then back to Missouri
Scott sued his owner for his freedom arguing that his time spent in free territory meant he was free
Supreme Court ruled against Scott saying African Americans were not citizens, but property, and therefore could not sue in court
Court added that it was unconstitutional to prohibit slavery in new territories

7. Lincoln and Douglas Debates in Illinois
Lincoln Douglas Debates – Eric Foner 2:06
*Why were the debates important nationally?
*At the time, which candidate was the most influential? Why?

8. Section 4 – Lincoln elected President – 1860
Check out the map on p. 341 – do any of the vote totals surprise you?
Secession - actually begins before Lincoln takes office
By Feb. 1, 1861 – 7 southern states have seceded (led by South Carolina)
Lincoln takes office
War begins
Four more states secede