1. Romanesque Art Slides # 16-18

2. Romanesque Characteristics Plain on the outside and decorated with sculptures. Inside is often dark and solemn Use of the rounded arch The walls are supported with piers and large thick walls. They began using stone to construct the roofs (Roman Churches often used wood) Buttresses are used to build higher churches.

4. Terminology Nave – the central aisle of the church Apse – where the altar is located at the head of the church – often faced the east. Crossing – where the transept arms and nave cross in the middle (sometimes the base of a tower) Ambulatory – a route of outer aisles that could be used for piligrims to walk around the church without distrubing a mass. Transept – the arms of the cross shaped church plan Buttresses – external structures used to help support the walls. Tympanum – the arched space above a door or window, where decorative carvings can be made.

6. Sainte Madeleine. (1104-1132) Vezelay, France History: -Claims to guard the relics of -St. Mary Magdeleine. -where the Crusaders set off -The 2 nd and 3 rd crusades launched from this church Architectural Features: -Latin cross floor plan -Largest Romanesque church in France -use of Buttresses* -barrel / cross vaulting* -thick stone walls and few windows -use of the Roman arch. Side Note: Crusader – purpose was to convert or destroy non-believers The Crusades began to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims. *used to build higher and wider

7. Q. What Romanesque features to you see? Roman arches Think walls Long nave Stone roofs

8. Q. What is the purpose of this piece? Q. How would you describe the figures?

9. Example of a Tympanum About the Art: -shows Christ sending his apostles to preach the word of the Lord Purpose: -to tell a story -to educate the illiterate Style: -Stylized figures/not natural

11. Bayeux Tapestry 1073-1083 Tapestries were used as decorative wall hangings and helped to warm the stone wall of castles. 230 feet long 75 different scenes 623 figures Recounts the Battle of Hastings in 1066. It is a story of loyalty, friendship and betrayal.