1. DO NOW
At times, the United States Government has passed protective tariffs to
encourage foreign trade
help the nation’s manufacturers
reduce the cost of consumer goods
improve the quality of goods

2. DO NOW help the nation’s manufacturers
At times, the United States Government has passed protective tariffs to
encourage foreign trade
help the nation’s manufacturers
reduce the cost of consumer goods
improve the quality of goods

3. How did Andrew Jackson Contribute to the SECTIONAL CRISIS?

4. I. TARIFF CRISIS Tariff – tax or duty
Protective tariff – tax on goods imported to the U.S.
North – Industry
South – Agriculture
Protective tariffs were meant to protect Northern industries and factories, yet the South suffered because Southern states imported more than the North.

6. I. TARIFF CRISIS (con’t)
South
Hostile to tariffs
Heavy consumption of manufactured goods
Sold cotton in world market
Felt discriminated against
NORTHEAST
WEST
SOUTHWEST
OLD SOUTH
Booming industry
Manufacturing
Abundance of resources
Increased property values
Expanding population
Expanding untouched cotton lands
Hard times
Tariff hurting economy of “old South”
Missouri Compromise 1820

7. I. TARIFF CRISIS (con’t)
Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations)
Purposely drafted to make Jackson appear as a free trade advocate in the South & as a protectionist in the North
The tariffs increased the prices of imported goods by as much as 50 %
South Carolina - tariffs were unfair as a tax on Southern agriculture for the benefit of Northern industry

8. II. NULLIFICATION CRISIS
Problems began to brew between Jackson and his Vice President, John C. Calhoun
Calhoun resigned as V.P. because Jackson supported the protective tariff
John C. Calhoun

9. II. NULLIFICATION CRISIS
Response to Tariff of Abominations:
South Carolina Exposition and Protest (South Carolina Doctrine)
Protested the tariff as unconstitutional & advancing the theory of nullification
Declared that a sovereign State had the right to decide through a convention whether an act of Congress was unconstitutional & whether it constituted such a dangerous violation "as to justify the interposition of the State to protect its rights"
If so, the convention would then decide in what manner the act ought to be declared null & void within the limits of the State, & the declaration would be obligatory on her own citizens, as well as the national government

10. II. NULLIFICATION CRISIS
Tariff of 1832
Fell short of Southern demands
Failed to considerably lower the protective tariffs
South Carolina passed an ORDINANCE OF NULLIFICATION on 11/24/1832, & threatened to SECEDE if the federal government attempted to collect those tariff duties

11. II. NULLIFICATION CRISIS
Tariff of 1833 (Compromise Tariff)
Proposed by Clay & Calhoun as a resolution to the Nullification Crisis
Gradually reduce the rates of tariffs
Import taxes would gradually be cut over the next decade until, by 1842, they matched the levels set in the Tariff of 1816—an average of 20%

13. Analyzing Political Cartoons
What is the title of the cartoon?
Who is “King Andrew?”
What is he holding in his left hand?
The other document on the floor is labeled “Internal Improvements” and “U.S. Bank.” The book in the foreground is labeled “Judiciary of the United States.” To what do these items refer?
Why did you think the cartoonist used the image of a king to criticize (disapprove of) Jackson?