1. Canada
Land and People

2. Physical Regions What is a physical region?
Area of land that differs from other regions because of its geography

3. Physical Regions
There are seven physical regions in Canada (each have different geographic features):
Appalachian Region
St. Lawrence Lowlands
Canadian Shield
Hudson Bay Lowlands
Interior Plains
Western Mountains
Arctic Islands

4. Canadian Shield Largest physical region
Rocky, swampy, with little soil
Few people live here
Why?

6. St. Lawrence Lowlands Smallest physical region
More industries and more people than any other region
Best farmland and major water source (St. Lawrence Seaway)

8. Appalachian Region Low mountains, fertile valleys
Along the Atlantic coast
Rich forests
Lots of fish
Beaches

10. Interior Plains Prairies and farms Wheat crop
Northern section is very cold with poor soil

12. Western Mountains High mountains (Rockies) Pacific coast
Known for vast forests and wildlife

14. Arctic Islands Too cold for trees to grow
Mostly tundra (flat frozen ground)
Has fjords (narrow area of sea between cliffs)

16. Hudson Bay Lowlands Mostly swamps
Stretches across the southern part of Hudson Bay

18. Economic Regions What is an economic region?
Regions based on what kind of economic activities are going on there
How they make their own money in each region

19. Economic Regions
These economic regions make up Canada’s provinces and territories
Provinces: govern themselves a lot like our states do
Territories: large land areas that do not have the same self-governing rights as provinces

20. Economic Regions
Five main economic regions in Canada that each have different economic activities to make a good economy for Canada
Maritime
Ontario and Quebec
Prairie
British Columbia
Territories

21. Maritime Region Also called the Atlantic region
Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, and Labrador
Fishing is main economic activity

23. Ontario & Quebec Heartland of Canada Most goods are made here
Economic success due to location next to Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River

24. Prairie Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan Canada’s “breadbasket”
Farming is major economic activity
Mining is also major activity (coal, oil, and natural gas)

26. British Columbia Forestry is major economic activities
Cutting down trees, processing lumber, making paper
Vancouver is biggest city in British Columbia
Also Canada’s 3rd largest metropolitan area

27. Territories Nunavut, Yukon Territory, Northwest Territory
Very few people live here, so there is little economic activity here

28. Economic Regions Canada imports and exports a lot
In the past Canadians believed they should trade with each other before trading with other countries
To do this, they passed a policy called “protectionism” (trade policy where government taxed imports so Canada would only trade within their own country)
Today Canada has “free trade”, or trade without limits or protections (NAFTA) and trades a lot with USA and Mexico

29. Key Ideas
Much of Canada’s wealth comes from its wide range of natural resources (minerals, trees, fossil fuels, fish, wheat, etc.)
Canada has free enterprise, however, also has parts of a command economy
At one time, Canada passes a trade policy called “protectionism”
Today, Canada follows a system of free trade.

30. Key Words
Protectionism: trade policy where government taxed imports so Canada would only trade within their own country
Provinces: rule themselves much like states in the USA
Territories: divisions of Canada that’s don’t have same self-governing systems as provinces
Standard of Living: find by dividing GDP by total population