2. Pakistan:  30°and 0' North Latitude  70°and 0' East Longitude India:  6°44' and 35°30' North latitude  68°7' and 97°25' East Longitude

3. India: The country is divided between two time zones so the hours of the days and nights do differ Pakistan: The country only has one time zone so the hours of the days and nights are the same.

4. India: Greenwich Mean Time(GMT)+5.5 hrs Pakistan: Time zone (GMT)+ 5 hrs.

5. India: The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of India, the whole country is considered to be tropical. Pakistan: Tropic of Cancer passes through the bottom of the country

6. India:  Calcite(most famous, is found in the Deccan Traps)  Mica  Aventurine quartz  Hollandite (first one found) Pakistan:  Epidote  Morganite  Tormaline  Aquamarine  Garnets  Apatites

7. India  It appears to have risen as a result of a collision between the drifting Indian plate and the Tibetan plate of South Asia about 50 million years ago.  The Himalayas reached their present heights much later.  The subcontinent's subsequent collision with the Eurasian Plate and subduction under it, gave rise to the Himalayas, the planet's highest mountains, which now abut India in the north and the north- east.  Impingement of the Indian Plate has continued for about 50 million years, whereas the Arabian Plate collision is more recent and began about 20 million years ago. Pakistan  As oceanic crust is sub ducted under a continental margin a sequence of distinctive landforms develops:  Linear ranges of accreted material lie along the coast  A topographic depression form farther inland.  The Northern Areas and Azad Kashmir also lie mainly in Central Asia along the edge of the Indian plate and as a result are prone to severe earthquakes where Eurasian and the Indian plates collide.

8.  Watersheds  There are mainly three water-sheds.  Himalayan range with its Karakoram branch in the North  Vindhyan and Satpura ranges in Central India  Sahyadri or Western Chats on the West Coast.  All the major rivers of India originate in one or the other of these watersheds.  Rivers  The main rivers are the Himalayan group:  The Indus  The Ganga  The Brahmaputra

9. India:  The north, north east and north west lie the Himalayan ranges Himalayas, the highest mountain system in the world, it is also one of the world's youngest mountain ranges.  Patkai and allied mountain ranges run along the Indo- Bangladesh-Burma border.  Aravalli range in north-western India is one of the oldest mountain systems in the world.  Vindhyan range traverses nearly the whole width of Peninsular India Pakistan:  Tirich Mir Mountain  Thar Desert India and Pakistan:  Encompassed by the India Ocean, and Arabian Sea

10.  India:  lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m  highest point: Kanchenjunga 8,598 m  Pakistan:  lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m  highest point: K2 (Mt. Godwin-Austen) 8,611 m

11. India:  Released an average 1.2 tons of Carbon dioxide per person in 2004 Pakistan:  97,409 tons of Carbon dioxide since 1998

12. India:  Northeast Trade winds blow throughout the winter months.  During the Northern Hemisphere summer however, the ITCZ is shifted well to the north of the equator, when the midday Sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer at latitude 23.5° north.  The Southeast Trade winds now cross the equator, and are deflected to the right by the Coriolis force, forming the Southwest Monsoons.  This summertime airflow picks up considerable moisture crossing the Indian Ocean, and brings a heavy and prolonged wet season to India and Southeast Asia through April to September, known as the Monsoon. Pakistan  High altitude mountains in an area where wind patterns are concentrated.  Such wind patterns commonly blow dust from the coastal valleys into the water.  In most rainfed areas of Pakistan, the soils have developed from wind and water transported materials and consist of loess, old alluvial deposits, mountain out- wash and recent stream valley deposits.

13. Pakistan :  Has three seasons:  Winter (November to March)  Is warm and cooled by sea breezes on the coast;  Summer (April to July)  Has extreme temperatures  Monsoon season (July to September)  Has the highest rainfall on the hills. Karachi has little rain.  Average humidity 31 % India:  Hot tropical weather with variations from region to region.  Coolest weather lasts from December to February.  Really hot weather, is between March and May.  Monsoon rains occur in most regions in summer between June and September.  Southwest: Humidity is extreme  Southeast: Tamil Nadu has monsoons between October and December. Humidity are high all year  Northeast: March to June and September to November are the driest and most pleasant periods  Average humidity: 40- 60 %

14.  Climate: Temperate  How mountains, altitudes, proximity to large body of water affects the climate:  43% sandy beaches, 11% rocky coast including cliffs, and 46% marshy coast.  India's climate is strongly influenced by the Himalayas and the Thar Desert, both of which drive the monsoons.  The Himalayas prevent cold Central Asian katabolic winds from blowing in, keeping the bulk of the Indian subcontinent warmer than most locations at similar latitudes.  The Thar Desert plays a crucial role in attracting the moisture-laden southwest summer monsoon winds that, between June and October, provide the majority of India's rainfall  Marine or continental climates: Marine  Arid or humid climates, how this refers to the latitudes: Humid, due to having the tropic of cancer pass right through the country.  Microclimates: India hosts six major climatic subtypes, ranging from arid desert in the west, alpine tundra and glaciers in the north, and humid tropical regions supporting rainforests in the southwest and the island territories. Many regions have starkly different microclimates.

15.  Climate: Temperate  How mountains, altitudes, proximity to large body of water affects the climate:  There is little rainfall.  These generalizations should not, however, obscure the distinct differences existing among particular locations.  The coastal area along the Arabian Sea is usually warm, whereas the frozen snow-covered ridges of the Karakoram Range and of other mountains of the far north are so cold year round that they are only accessible by world-class climbers for a few weeks in May and June of each year.  Marine or continental climates: Marine  Arid or humid climates, how this refers to the latitudes: The climate is generally arid, characterized by hot summers and cool or cold winters, and wide variations between extremes of temperature at given locations.  Microclimates: Pakistan mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north

16. India  Bounded on the south west by the Arabian Sea and on the south east by the Bay of Bengal  Salinities  Less than 35 parts per thousand have been recorded in the upper 150 feet of the sea, while during the dry season (November to March)  When the northeast monsoon winds blow, salinities of more than 36 parts per thousand have been recorded at the surface over the entire Arabian Sea north of latitude 5° N, except off the Somali coast. Pakistan  Is also on the southern side of the country, there you will see the Arabian Sea, and past the Arabian sea is the Indian ocean.  A salinity of 35 psu

17. India: Suffer from droughts; flash floods, as well as widespread and destructive flooding from monsoonal rains; severe thunderstorms; earthquakes Pakistan: Suffer from frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus River after heavy rains (July and August)

18. India:  Includes 4 Biomes:  The Tropical Rain Forest  The Himalayan Mountains  Tropical Dry Forest  Tropical Deciduous Forest Pakistan:  Includes 4 Biomes:  The Desert  Temperate Grassland  Tropical Seasonal Forest  Mountain Ranges

19. India:  Population: 1,147,995,898  Median age:  total: 25.1 years  male: 24.7 years  female: 25.5 years  Population growth rate:1.578%  Birth rate: 22.22/1,000 population  Death rate: 6.4/1,000 population  Net migration rate:-0.05 migrant  Sex ratio:  at birth: 1.12 male/female  under 15 years: 1.1 male/female  15-64 years: 1.06 male/female  65 years and over: 0.9 male/female  total population: 1.06 male/female  Total fertility rate:2.76 children Pakistan:  Population: 167,762,040  Median age:  total: 21.2 years  male: 21 years  female: 21.4 years  Population growth rate:1.805%  Birth rate:26.93/1,000 population  Death rate:7.83/1,000 population  Net migration rate:-1.05 migrant  Sex ratio:  at birth: 1.05 male/female  under 15 years: 1.06 male/female  15-64 years: 1.05 male/female  65 years and over: 0.89 male/female  total population: 1.05 male/female  Total fertility rate:3.58 children

20.  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/ https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page  http://www.tourism.gov.pk/Index.html http://www.tourism.gov.pk/Index.html  http://www.incredibleindia.org/ http://www.incredibleindia.org/  http://www.stone-network.com/rocks/minerals.html http://www.stone-network.com/rocks/minerals.html  http://www.rocksandminerals.org/rm8002.php http://www.rocksandminerals.org/rm8002.php  http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft%3Aenus&q=ro cks+and+minerals+found+in+India http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft%3Aenus&q=ro cks+and+minerals+found+in+India  http://www.mineralsweb.com/Upt-Pakistan-New-Mineral-Specimens Fine-minerals-direct-from-the-source/p/3/81/0/ http://www.mineralsweb.com/Upt-Pakistan-New-Mineral-Specimens Fine-minerals-direct-from-the-source/p/3/81/0/  http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601091&sid=aXyxZq5axU M&refer=india http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601091&sid=aXyxZq5axU M&refer=india  http://www.wunderground.com/global/Region/i_IN/Humidity.html http://www.wunderground.com/global/Region/i_IN/Humidity.html  http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/eae/climate/Older/Pressure_Patterns.html http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/eae/climate/Older/Pressure_Patterns.html