1. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Monday November 18, 2013 1.Turn in 6.3 assignment 2.Answer the following in notebook: Name 3 things Jefferson did when he first took office What important concept/principle did John Marshall establish? Why did Lewis & Clark explore Louisiana?

2. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Understand why some saw Jefferson’s election as a “republican revolution.” Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of the United States. Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase. Analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies. Section 3: The Age of Jefferson, Objectives What were the successes and failures of the Jefferson administrations?

3. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Thomas Jefferson viewed his election as a revolution in the principles of government. Federalists held expensive public displays to gain respect for the government. Jefferson ended these as aristocratic threats to the republic. Where the Federalists discouraged public criticism, Jefferson invited debate and discussion. Understand why some saw Jefferson’s election as a “republican revolution.”

4. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson In office, Jefferson reduced the national debt, the government bureaucracy, and the size of the military. He also cut unpopular taxes on land and whiskey. He benefited from increased revenues from foreign trade and the sale of western lands. Understand why some saw Jefferson’s election as a “republican revolution.”

5. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson In 1801, John Marshall became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. He was a Federalist A last-minute appointee, Marshall eventually served 35 years and participated in over a thousand court decisions. Marshall wrote over half of those decisions himself, more than any other Supreme Court Justice. NOTESNOTES Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of the United States.

6. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson The Court’s role is to determine if acts of Congress or the President are constitutional, a concept known as judicial review. Federal laws are superior to state laws. The Constitution is to be interpreted broadly based on the government’s implied powers. Contracts should be strictly enforced. Marshall applied four Federalist principles to his decisions: 1 2 3 4 NOTESNOTES Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of the United States.

7. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Marshall established judicial review in Marbury v. Madison In 1801, outgoing President John Adams appointed William Marbury (Federalist) to be a judge. Incoming Secretary of State James Madison (Democratic Republican) refused to give Marbury his appointment, so Marbury sued. Marshall ruled against Marbury stating that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional. Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of the United States.

8. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Marshall’s ruling was a stroke of genius that gave the court more power which was a Federalist goal. Because Madison and the Democratic Republicans won the case, he could not appeal. Marshall’s decision set the precedent that the Supreme Court is the institution that determines the constitutionality of laws (judicial review). Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of the United States.

9. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of the United States.

10. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson

11. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson

12. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson In 1803, Jefferson doubled the area of the United States by purchasing the Louisiana Territory. Jefferson saw farm ownership as an ideal that freed citizens from a landlord or employer. He wanted to expand the U.S. westward so more Americans could be free farmers. But, French Emperor Napoleon owned Louisiana and threatened to forbid American farmers from using the port of New Orleans. NOTESNOTES Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.

13. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Jefferson asked to buy New Orleans. To his surprise, Napoleon offered to sell the entire Louisiana Territory. Jefferson decided to contradict his “strict construction” principles. (The power to purchase foreign territory is not specifically granted by the Constitution.) The deal was too good to pass up! The Louisiana Purchase added 828,000 square miles and doubled the U.S. for only $15 million. NOTESNOTES Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.

14. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.

15. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Jefferson sent a “Corps of Discovery” led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the territory. The corps was tasked with learning about the climate, plants, seeds, animals, and native people. The Lewis and Clark Expedition was aided by Sacajawea, a Shoshone woman. NOTESNOTES Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.

16. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson

17. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson

18. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Illinois side – where the Corps of Discovery began

19. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Looking to Missouri where the Missouri River meets the Mississippi River

20. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Closer up

21. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson It was flooded from all the rains, can you tell?

22. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Ft. Kaskaskia, IL

23. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase.

24. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Jefferson faced several foreign affairs challenges. In 1805, the Barbary state of Tripoli raised their price for “protection” against pirates. Jefferson refused to pay, sending his small navy instead. They defeated the pirates. This Barbary War was America’s first overseas victory. Analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.

25. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson War between France and Britain brought profits for American merchants but also led to trouble. The British Navy began stopping American ships and confiscating their cargo. To meet a shortage of sailors, they also began to force or “press” American sailors to serve in the British Navy, a practice called impressment. Analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.

26. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson The embargo failed to hurt Britain, but American merchants and farmers suffered from unemployment, bankruptcy, and loss of profits. Despite the failure of the embargo, the U.S. expanded westward, grew economically, and reduced its debt. Jefferson asked Congress for an embargo, hoping a loss of American goods would change Britain’s policies. Analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.

27. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson “Revolution of 1800” * Conflict with Supreme Court * Louisiana Purchase * Foreign Policies * Jefferson’s Presidency 1800-1808

28. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson Analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.

29. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 3 The Age of Jefferson What were the successes and failures of the Jefferson administrations? In 1800, the Democratic Republicans took control of the presidency, Congress, and most of the state governments. The Federalists would never reclaim national power. The Jefferson administration changed the style of government and acquired a huge new territory for the United States while also dealing with foreign nations. Understand why some saw Jefferson’s election as a “republican revolution.” Explain the impact of John Marshall’s tenure as Chief Justice of the United States. Identify the importance of the Louisiana Purchase. Analyze Jefferson’s foreign policies.