1. Connect!  What is physical therapy?  What is respiratory therapy?  What does “therapy” mean?  So, what do you think “gene therapy” might mean?

2. 4. Gene Therapy  is the replacement of defective genes with normal genes; these normal genes must be transferred into cells

3.  is being used to treat cystic fibrosis that affects the respiratory system. Viruses engineered to carry the healthy gene are sprayed into the air passageways of CF patients. The viruses carried the healthy gene into the patient’s cells which become healthy.

4. 5. Separating DNA  DNA fragments must be separated to be analyzed in a procedure called gel electrophoresis  a mixture of DNA fragments is placed at one end of a gel and an electric current is run through the gel  DNA molecules which are negatively charged move toward the positive end of the gel; the smaller the fragment of DNA the faster and farther it moves

5.  Based on size and charge, the DNA fragments make a pattern of bands on the gel that can then be compared with other samples of DNA  this technique can be used in paternity cases or to determine guilt in criminal cases such as rape and murder

7. Chunk  What is gene therapy?  Give an example of how it is used.  What is the process of separating DNA fragments called?  Why is an electric current used in the gel?  Why do DNA fragments move towards the positive end of the gel?  How are the fragments separated? (by what trait)  What is the end result?  What are some uses of electrophoresis?

8.  What do the bands in the drawing of the agarose gel represent?  Which band(s) traveled slowest? Which band(s) traveled fastest?  Which is the positive end of the gel?  How many bands are shared in common by all of the individuals?  Are there any bands which are unique to only one individual?If so, which one?

9. 6. Karyotyping  a chromosome sample can be taken from a person or fetus for analysis  pictures of chromosomes called karyotypes are arranged in pairs and analyzed to diagnose diseases

10.  Analyze this karyotype.

11. and this…

13. JFF