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Published byDwayne Gardner Modified over 9 years ago
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Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell
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The microscope is an important tool
Different types of microscopes are used to observe different things Compound Light microscope- allow scientists to see living cells Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM)- produce a 3-D image of a cell’s surface Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)- produce a 2-D image of the inside of a cell **SEM and TEM do not allow scientists to see living cells, but they do magnify objects up to a million times**
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Cells are divided into two categories
The difference between the two types of cells is the location of the genetic material Eukaryotic cell - have a nucleus that contains the genetic material for a cell Prokaryotic cells - do not have a nucleus and the genetic material is in the cytoplasm
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Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotic Cell
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Cells are diverse Eukaryotic cells have organelles
- internal parts of a cell that perform particular functions cytoplasm - a jelly-like material inside the cell
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Plant Cell cytoplasm
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Cells are diverse Eukaryotic cells have organelles
- internal parts of a cell that perform particular functions cytoplasm - a jelly-like material inside the cell cell membrane - protective covering that controls entry into and out of cell “The Traffic Cop”
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Plant Cell cytoplasm cell membrane
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Organelles found in cells
Nucleus - stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function “The Control Center”
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Plant Cell nucleus cytoplasm cell membrane
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Organelles found in cells
Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein “Protein Factories”
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Plant Cell nucleus ribosomes cytoplasm cell membrane
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Organelles found in cells
Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories” Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials around the cell “Cell Highway”
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Plant Cell ribosomes nucleus endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm
cell membrane
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Organelles found in cells
Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories” Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials around the cell. “Cell Highway” Mitochondria - uses oxygen to process food (process called cellular respiration) “Powerhouse of the Cell”
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Plant Cell ribosomes nucleus endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm
mitochondria cell membrane
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Organelles found in cells
Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories” Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials around the cell. “Cell Highway” Mitochondria - uses oxygen to process food in a process called cellular respiration. “Powerhouse of the Cell” Golgi apparatus - finishes processing and packaging proteins “The Finisher”
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Plant Cell ribosomes nucleus Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum
cytoplasm mitochondria cell membrane
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Organelles found in cells
vesicles - transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. -”The Delivery Truck”
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Plant Cell ribosomes vesicles nucleus Golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes cytoplasm mitochondria cell membrane
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Organelles found in cells
vesicles - transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. -”The Delivery Truck” *cell wall - tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell
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Plant Cell ribosomes cell wall vesicles nucleus Golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes cytoplasm mitochondria cell wall cell membrane
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Organelles found in cells
vesicles - transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. -”The Delivery Truck” *cell wall - tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell *chloroplasts - use sunlight to make sugar (energy) for a plant cell
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Plant Cell chloroplast ribosomes cell wall vesicles nucleus Golgi
apparatus endoplasmic reticulum chloroplast ribosomes cytoplasm mitochondria cell wall cell membrane
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Organelles found in cells
vesicles - transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. -”The Delivery Truck” *cell wall - tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell *chloroplasts - use sunlight to make sugar (energy) for a plant cell *central vacuole - hold water, waste and other materials in a plant cell
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Plant Cell chloroplast ribosomes central vacuole cell wall vesicles
nucleus Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum chloroplast ribosomes central vacuole cytoplasm mitochondria cell wall cell membrane
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Animal Cell endoplasmic reticulum nucleus ribosomes Golgi apparatus
vesicles cytoplasm mitochondria cell membrane
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Organelles found in cells
*lysosomes (only found in animal cells) - break down waste materials “Digestion Center”
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Animal Cell endoplasmic reticulum nucleus ribosomes Golgi apparatus
*lysosomes vesicles cytoplasm mitochondria cell membrane
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