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Clauses and Sentence Types

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Presentation on theme: "Clauses and Sentence Types"— Presentation transcript:

1 Clauses and Sentence Types

2 CLAUSES Types Each clause must have a subject and verb
independent (ind cl)-also called the main clause dependent (dep cl)-also called the subordinate clause

3 INDEPENDENT CLAUSE Main clause
Every sentence must have at least one independent clause Independent clause can usually stand alone An independent clause does not start with a relative pronoun or subordinating conjuction

4 DEPENDENT CLAUSE The dependent clause CAN NEVER stand alone
A dependent clause starts with a RELATIVE PRONOUN (that , which, who, whom, whose) OR A SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION (after, since, before, while, because, although, so that, if, when, whenever, as, even though, until, unless, as if, etc.)

5 DEPENDENT CLAUSE: TYPES
Adverb (adv dep cl) Adjective (adj dep cl) Noun (n dep cl)

6 Adverb Dependent Clause (adv dep cl)
Usually starts with a subordinating conjunction Acts like an adverb Ex: We will eat when the bell rings. (modifies eat) We will eat is the independent clause

7 Adjective Dependent Clause (adj dep cl)
Usually starts with a relative pronoun Acts like an adjective Ex: She likes the guy who sits in front of her. (modifies guy) She likes the guy is the independent clause

8 Noun Dependent Clause (n dep cl)
A subordinate (dependent) clause used as a noun It can be Subject Direct object Predicate noun Object of the preposition Indirect object

9 SENTENCE TYPES Simple Sentence: (s): one independent clause
Compound Sentence: (cd): two or more independent clauses Complex Sentence: (cx): one independent clause + one or more dependent clauses Compound-Complex Sentence: (ccx): two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses

10 one independent clause
Simple Sentence: (s) one independent clause

11 Compound Sentence: (cd)
two or more independent clauses

12 Complex Sentence: (cx)
one independent clause + one or more dependent clauses

13 Compound-Complex Sentence: (ccx)
two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses

14 SENTENCE PURPOSE Declarative: makes a statement and ends with a period (dec) Interrogative: asks a question and ends in a question mark (int) Imperative: gives a command and ends in a period (imp) (often has the understood “you” as its subject) Exclamatory: expresses strong feelings and ends in an exclamation point (exc) (the above sentences can all be exclamatory as well)

15 asks a question and ends in a question mark (int)
Interrogative: asks a question and ends in a question mark (int)

16 Imperative: gives a command and ends in a period (imp) (often has the understood “you” as its subject)

17 Exclamatory: expresses strong feelings and ends in an exclamation point (exc) (the above sentences can all be exclamatory as well)

18 Declarative: makes a statement and ends with a period (dec)


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