1. CHAPTER 9 Exploded Boundaries 1815 – 1828
“The utmost good faith shall always be observed towards the Indians; their land and property shall never be taken from them without their consent; and, in their property, rights, and liberty, they shall never be invaded or disturbed, unless in just and lawful wars authorized by Congress. . .”

2. "I know of no country in which there is so little independence of mind and real freedom of discussion
as in America."  Alexis De Tocqueville [1830s]

3. Bibliography
Albert Fishlow, American Railroads and the Transformation of the Ante-Bellum Economy (1965)
Robert Fogel, Railroads and American Economic Growth: Essays in Econometric History (1964)
Oscar and Mary Handlin, Commonwealth: A Study of the Role of Government in the American Economy (1947)
Robert Remini, Andrew Jackson and the Source of American Freedom (1981)
Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., The Age of Jackson (1945)

6. Andrew Jackson
This 1845 painting captures the heroic, forceful side of Andrew Jackson that made him so appealing to many voters.

7. Erie Canal
In the days before railroads, canals were seen as the best way to move both people and goods into the interior. Here, workers excavate a lock designed to raise and lower canal boats in Lockport, New York, between 1817 and 1825.

9. Chapter Review
Explain the development of a national economy through financial and transportation developments.
Briefly describe the rise in popularity of Andrew Jackson.
Describe the growth of the plantation South and its increased reliance on cotton.
Briefly explain the implications of the Missouri Compromise for both white and black Americans.
Explain the changes that took place in American politics during the 1820s.

10. Identifications James Monroe Henry Clay’s American System
national bank, internal improvements, protective tariffs
John C. Calhoun, Daniel Webster
Chief Justice [Federalist] John Marshall
Cases: Dartmouth, Ogden, McCullough
National Road
Erie Canal
Missouri Compromise
Denmark Vesey
Monroe Doctrine
Bank War, Trail of Tears [next chapter]

11. I. New Borders Whites continue to encroach on Native American lands
Forts are built in all frontier areas
Cherokees and other tribes adopt “civilized” ways but are still repulsed
Andrew Jackson achieves hero status battling Indians in Florida
Federal government works to build communication and transportation networks

12. Lands Ceded by American Indians
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Lands Ceded by American Indians

13. II. Building a National Economy
Cotton production brings tremendous growth to South, in large part due to slave labor
Northwest becomes fastest growing area
Northeast becomes manufacturing and industrial center of United States
The American System included internal improvements, protective tariffs, and a national bank

14. Redrawing the Nation’s Boundaries
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Redrawing the Nation’s Boundaries

15. III. Regional Growth Cotton moves across South
Settlement of Northwest accelerates
Northeast becomes land of farms and factories, especially textiles

16. Migration Patterns in the Southeast
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Migration Patterns in the Southeast

17. Migration Patterns in the Northwest
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Migration Patterns in the Northwest

18. Cotton Mills in the North
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Cotton Mills in the North

19. IV. Consequences of Expansion
British competition causes economic downturn in 1819, but Madison is re-elected
Question of statehood for Missouri brings on crisis in 1820
South Carolina reels from attempted revolt led by Denmark Vesey
Monroe Doctrine enunciates America’s stand on foreign policy that holds until twentieth century

20. ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc
©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.
Election of 1828

21. V. The Reinvention of Politics
Lafayette’s return to United States encourages Americans about their future
The 1824 presidential election shows unconcern of many Americans
John Quincy Adams is elected but does little as president
Politics seems filled with conspiracies
Democratic party emerges to help Andrew Jackson win 1828 election