1. Source: John Pond’s letter to his mother and father, March 15, 1631
Warm-up
So I pray, father, send me four or five yards of cloth to make us some apparel, and , loving father, though I be far distant from you, yet I pray you remember me as your child, and we don not know how long we may subsist, for we cannot live here without provisions from old England
Source: John Pond’s letter to his mother and father, March 15, 1631
1.) What is the tone of John Pond’s letter?
A.) Sad and worried
B.) Happy and excited
C.) Angry and upset
D.) Calm and Content
2.) Why was John Pond writing to his parents?
A.) He wanted to tell them how he was doing in the new colonies.
B.) He missed them
C.) He wanted them to send cloth.
D.) all of the above
3.) John Pond believed-
A.) that his parents should join him in the New World
B.) that he would earn a good living in the New World
C.) That the colonists could not survive without the provisions from England
D.) that he would return to England soon

2. Section One Early Colonies Have Mixed Success
Chapter 3
Section One
Early Colonies Have Mixed Success

3. Cornell Notes Sections You Need To Cover
A.) The English Plan Colonies
B.) Two Early Colonies Fail
C.) Financing a Colony
D.) Jamestown Is Founded In 1607
E.) Jamestown Grows
F.) Conflicts with Powhatan
G.) Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676

4. We whose names underwritten,… having undertaken for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith, and the honor of our king and by these presents, solemnly and mutually in the presence of God and one another covenant (promise) and combine ourselves together in a civil body politic (Politically organized group), for our better ordering and preservation; and furtherance of the ends aforesaid… do enact, constitute, and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions, and offices from time to time shall be thought most (Proper) and convenient for the general good of the colony unto which we promise all due submission and obedience. In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed (signed) our names at Cape Cod the eleventh of November in the year of our sovereign (supreme) lord King James of England Anno Domini 1620.
Warm-up
1.) Which of the following is not one of the reasons the Mayflower colonists give for settling in the New World?
A.) The Glory of God
B.) The Advancement of the Christian faith
C.) The honor of the king and country.
D.) The making of a fortune.
2.) Where did the colonists sign their names for the Mayflower Compact?
A.) England B.) Cape Cod
C.) Virginia D.) Mayflower
3.) Who was the monarch of England at the time for the Mayflower Compact?
A.) James B.) Mary
C.) Elizabeth D.) Charles
4.) What does the phrase “the general good of the colony” suggest was the main concern of the colonists?
A.) Individual rights
B.) Political Power
C.) Welfare of the community
D.) Wealth

5. MR. CaN (New England North)
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
and
New Hampshire

6. 2New Pews Daily (Middle Colonies)
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware

7. Vicky Goes 2C Mary Virginia Georgia North Carolina South Carolina
Maryland

8. Early Colonies Have Mixed Success
Chapter 3 Section 1
Early Colonies Have Mixed Success

9. To God I entrust my immortal soul and to my family, heirs, and neighbors I distribute my worldly possessions. To my first born son, Johann I leave 70 acres of cleared farmland, 10 acres of pasture, and my 100 acres of woodland. I also leave him all of my livestock, farm tools, and Peter, a slave. To my beloved wife, I leave my home and everything therein to use as she will while she still lives. Upon her death, this property will go to Johann. To my second son, who has always been a terrible disappointment, I leave all my western land claims in the hopes that he will go west and prove himself a man in the wilderness of the frontier. To my only living daughter, I leave her faithful servant and playmate, Mandy. Furthermore, she will receive 10 pounds of silver candlesticks as a marriage dower. To Wilbur Peebles, my nearest neighbor, I leave 2 head of cattle to repay my long-standing debt. I never believed I would befriend an Englishman, but Mr. Peebles is a man of honor and admirable character.
Warm-up
1.) What was probably true of Helmut Holtzmuller?
A.) He was a blacksmith
B.) He had two daughters
C.) He was a slave owner
D.) He had no living relatives
2.) To whom did Helmut Holtzmuller leave most of his property?
A.) his wife B.) His oldest son
C.) His Daughter D.) His neighbor
3.) How many acres did Helmut probably plant crops on?
A.) 100 acres B.) 10 acres
C.) 190 acres D.) 70 acres
4.) What was probably true of Mandy?
A.) She was a friend of the family
B.) She was a slave
C.) She was Johann’s wife
D.) She decided to find new work after Helmut’s death.

10. A.) The English Plan Colonies
As religious and political rivalries increased between England and Spain, England began establishing colonies after defeating the Spanish Armada in 1588

11. English geographer Richard Hakluyt urged England to begin starting colonies
He thought colonies would provide markets for English goods and provide raw materials
Hakluyt also wanted to plant the Protestant faith in the Americas

12. Early colonists went to America for a number of reasons :
A lack of economic opportunity in England forced many to seek their fortune in the Americas
Others left to escape religious persecution

13. B.) Two Early Colonies Fail
Sir Walter Raleigh ( a soldier and statesman) got permission from Queen Elizabeth I to sponsor a colony on Roanoke Island
In 1585, he began England's first colony and named it Virginia after the virgin queen Elizabeth
The colonists were forced to rely on the Native Americans in the area for food, but the Native Americans realized the colonists wanted their land and cut off their food supply forcing the survivors to return to England in 1586

14. In 1587, Raleigh tried again to establish Roanoke, but without success - by 1590 the colonists had disappeared without a trace
In 1607, the Plymouth Company sponsored the Sagadahoc colony in Maine - arguments, harsh winters, and food shortages forced most to return to England

15. C.) Financing a Colony
Financial losses suffered by Sir Raleigh at Roanoke led to the formation of joint-stock companies which were backed by groups of investors
Large sums of money could be raised with minimal risk to individual investors

16. Investors split the profit and shared in any losses
In 1606, King James I of England granted charters to the Virginia Company of London and the Virginia Company of Plymouth

17. D.) Jamestown is Founded in 1607
In 1607, The Virginia Company of London founded Jamestown - England's first permanent settlement - with more than 100 colonists
Located in a swampy, mosquito infested area on the James River, the colonists endured hardship from the very beginning, quickly becoming sick with malaria and from drinking the river water

18. They spent their days searching for gold rather than building homes and growing food - the harsh climate also took its toll as colonists endured hot, humid summers and bitter cold winters

19. E.) Jamestown Grows
By 1608, only 38 colonists were alive - John Smith took control and took steps to organize the colony
He announced; "he that will not work, shall not eat", then persuaded the Powhatan tribe to trade their corn - in 1609, 800 more colonists arrived in Jamestown
Tensions flared and the Powhatan stopped trading food and attacked the colony - during this "starving time", the colonists ate rats, mice, and snakes to survive

20. In 1612, John Rolfe developed a high-grade tobacco which became popular in England
50-acre plots of land were offered to people who could pay their way to the colony - those who could not afford passage could become indentured servants
The first representative assembly - the House of Burgesses – was created in 1619 to provide more local control

21. F.) Conflicts with the Powhatan
To ease tensions between the Powhatan and the colonists, John Rolfe married the Powhatan chief's daughter Pocahontas in 1614
However, in 1622, in response to land grabs by the colonists, the Powhatan killed hundreds of Jamestown colonists

22. G.) Bacon's Rebellion in 1676
Nathaniel Bacon led a rebellion against Governor William Berkeley over his refusal to approve a war against Native Americans to seize their land for tobacco plantations
Bacon took control of the House of Burgesses and burned Jamestown to the ground

23. The rebellion ended when Bacon suddenly fell ill and died
Angered by Berkeley's actions, King Charles II recalled Berkeley to England
The House of Burgesses passed laws to prevent a royal governor from assuming too much power -an important first step against tyranny

24. New England Colonies I Can identify the New England Way.
Chapter 3 Section 2
New England Colonies
I Can identify the New England Way.

25. A.) The Voyage of the Mayflower
Pilgrims were Separatist-people who wanted to split from the Church of England.
Pilgrims were being persecuted in England.

26. Pilgrims-asked for a charter from the Virginia Company.
1620-they land in Massachusetts.
Created the Mayflower Compact because they were to land in Virginia Company area.
Mayflower Compact helped establish the idea of self-government.

27. B.) The Pilgrims Found Plymouth
Squanto was a key Native American who helped the Pilgrims.
Together with the help of the Native Americans they created the 1st Thanksgiving 3 day celebration.

28. C.) The Puritans Come to Massachusetts Bay
Puritans-wanted to purify the Church of England.
Left because of bad treatment from King James I.
Great Migration-thousands of Puritans leaving for the Americas.
Massachusetts Bay Company.

29. D.) The New England Way
Was central to the Puritan way of life and society.
Stressed Godliness, education, hard work, and honesty.
Helped lead to the growth and success of the New England Colonies.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut-was like a constitution.

30. E.) Challenges to Puritan Leaders
Roger Williams-against church attendance to vote.
Williams created the 1st Baptist Church and Rhode Island.

31. F.) King Phillip’s War Wampanoag versus the Puritans.
Began because of the need by the Puritans of more land.

32. G.) The Salem Witchcraft Trials
Slave from the West Indies told stories to Puritan girls.
Stories were about witches.
1692 girls were telling stories of other girls being witches and so the girls were put on trial.
100 arrested 20 found guilty and put to death.

33. Chapter 3 Section 3 I Can identify unique reasons for the founding of Georgia and Maryland
Warm-up
1.) Which of the following was not a cause of the “Starving Time” at the Jamestown colony in the early 1600’s
A.) Lack of Organization
B.) Disease
C.) Laziness of the colonists
D.) Distance from fertile fishing grounds.
2.) Give me the state and the year of Jamestown.

34. September 15, 2010 I Can compare the founding of the four Middle Colonies.
Warm-up
1.) The Mayflower Compact helped establish the
A.) success of the Virginia Company
B.) idea of self-government and majority rule
C.) belief that all colonies should be ruled by the king
D.) manor system in which a few men owned land and others worked the land
2.) Name two key documents from this chapter that will help shape our Constitution later on in the 1800’s.

35. I.) The Middle Colonies
The Middle Colonies were located between New England to the north and the Chesapeake region to the south and included: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware
Among the groups to move to these colonies were the Swedes, Dutch, English, Germans and Africans
Religious freedom attracted many groups including Protestants, Catholics, Quakers, and Jews
The Hudson and Delaware Rivers allowed shipping and commerce – the river valleys had rich soil and mild winters supported farming and raising livestock.

36. II.) New Netherland Becomes New York
1624, Dutch settlers financed by the Dutch West India Company founded New Netherland which included the Hudson River Valley and Long Island.
The patroon system attracted colonists by offering anyone who brought 50 settlers to the colony a large land grant and special privileges to hunt, fish, and trap on his land.
Peter Stuyvesant, the colony’s governor attacked the nearby charter colony of New Sweden to gain more land in 1655.

37. Feeling threatened by Dutch trade in the area, England’s King Charles II decided that his brother, the Duke of York, should drive the Dutch out of New Netherland.
When the English ships appeared off the east coast of New Amsterdam in August 1664, the Dutch surrendered and New Netherland became the proprietary colony of New York
The Duke of York became the proprietor – or private owner – of the colony
Royal colonies were under the direct control of the King

38. III.) New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware
The Duke of York, the largest landowner in America, gave New Jersey to his friends Sir Carteret, and Lord Berkeley in 1664
They encouraged colonists to settle the land by promising freedom of religion, large land grants, and a representative assembly.
In 1681, King Charles II gave the Penn family a large piece of land to pay off a debt he owed them
William Penn, a wealthy Quaker, used the land to create a colony where Quakers could live according to their beliefs – this land became known as Pennsylvania – meaning “Penn’s Woods”

39. Quakers believed all people should live in peace and welcomed different religions and ethnic groups
Penn extended religious freedom and equality to all and wanted the Native Americans to be treated fairly - Penn’s policies helped make Pennsylvania one of the wealthiest colonies in America
In 1704, Penn granted the three lower counties of Delaware their own assembly – the counties later broke away to form the colony of Delaware.

40. IV.) The Southern Colonies
The new Southern Colonies were Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia.
The colonies were bordered by the Appalachian Mountains to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east - the soil and climate in the Southern colonies was ideal for warm-weather cash crops like indigo and tobacco.

41. V.) Maryland and the Carolinas
A. Lord Baltimore established Maryland in 1632 for Roman Catholics escaping persecution in England.
1. Like Penn in Pennsylvania, Baltimore promised settlers religious freedom and, in 1649, Maryland passed the Tolerance Act.
2. Maryland’s economy was based on Tobacco which required hard labor – most laborers came as servants or slaves and there were few women.

42. B. In 1664, Carolina became a colony when English settlers from Barbados built Charles Town – later renamed Charleston
1. Colonists cut timber, raised cattle and traded with Native Americans
2. Needing labor for indigo and rice, English settlers used enslaved Africans and sold local Native Americans into slavery resulting in wars between the settlers and Native Americans

43. C. Carolina’s proprietors refused to send help to stop a Spanish attack on Charleston
1. In 1719, angry colonists overthrew the colony’s proprietary rule – by 1729, the Carolina’s were a royal colony ruled by governors appointed by the king – the colony was later divided into North and South Carolina

44. VI.) Georgia
A. In 1732, James Oglethorpe founded Georgia as a refuge for debtors
1. The English government wanted to use Georgia as a military outpost against Spanish Florida to the south, and French Louisiana to the west.
B. In 1739, during a war between England and Spain, the Spanish tried unsuccessfully to force English colonists out of Georgia.

45. C. English, Swiss, German, and Scottish colonists settled in Georgia – all religions were welcome
1. James Oglethorpe upset the colonists by setting strict rules – in response, the King made Georgia a royal colony in 1752
D. By the 1700s, there were 13 colonies along the eastern seaboard of North America.