1. 11 The Skull and Cranial Bones

2. Terms: Prominences Tuberosity = Rounded prominence, often rough (e.g., maxillary tuberosity) Process = Prominence or extension on a bony surface Condyle = Oval prominence typically found at articulations Others: Tubercle, cornu, epicondyle, eminence, arch, line, spine, crest.

3. Terms: Prominences

4. 8 Terms: Openings, Depressions, and Hollows Foramen = Short, window-like opening in bone (or tooth) Canal = Longer, tube-like passage in bone (e.g., auditory canal, mandibular canal). Meatus is a type of canal.

5. 8 Terms: Openings, Depressions, and Hollows Fossa = depression on a bony surface, shallow (as in the temporal fossa) or quite deep (as in the pterygopalatine fossa) Fissure = A narrow, cleftlike opening (pterygomaxillary fissure) Others = Aperture, notch (incisura), sulcus, ostium

6. 8 Terms: Articulations Articulation = the connection between two bones. May be movable or immovable. An immovable articulation is called a suture.

7. 11 Division of the Skull Bones Cranium: Occipital bone Frontal bone Parietal bones Temporal bones Sphenoid bone Ethmoid bone (Palatine bones) Face: Vomer Lacrimal bones Nasal bones Inferior nasal conchae Zygomatic bones Maxillae Mandible

8. 12 Division of Skull: Lateral View Facial Cranial

9. 15 Cranial Bones: lateral view

10. 13 Cranial Bones: Frontal and superior view 1 = Frontal bone 2 = Parietal bone

11. 14 Cranial Bones: inferior view Temporal bone Sphenoid bone Occipital bone

12. 16 Cranial Bones: Internal View Frontal bone Occipital bone Ethmoid bone Sphenoid bone Temporal bone Parietal bone

13. 17 Parts of the Frontal Bone Glabella Supraorbital ridge Zygomatic Process ** Frontal sinuses

14. 18 Parts of the Temporal Bone Squamous portion Mastoid process (Petrous portion) External auditory meatus

15. 19 Temporal Bone Zygomatic Process Styloid Process Articular eminence Articular fossa (glenoid)

16. 20 Sphenoid Bone: superior view

17. 21 Sphenoid Bone: posterior view

18. 21 Sphenoid Bone: lateral view from the midline

19. 22 Sphenoid Bone: anterior view

20. 24 Practice Identification Landmarks of the Sphenoid Bone Body of the sphenoid bone Greater wing of the sphenoid bone Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone Spine of the sphenoid bone Infratemporal crest

21. 26 Practice Identification Landmarks of the Sphenoid Bone Pterygoid process Lateral pterygoid plate Medial pterygoid plate Pterygoid fossa Hamulus

22. Ethmoid Bone Ethmoidal sinuses Crista galli Superior and middle nasal conchae Superior portion of the nasal septum Cribriform plate (See page 60 of the text for the best illustration) Notable features:

23. 27 Palatine Bone Lateral wall of nasal cavity Apex of orbit Posterior hard palate