1. The Nation Splits Apart

2. Essential Question  What were the causes of the Civil War?

3. Expansion Leads to Conflict  Mexican Cession adds 5,000 square miles  Free states or slave states?  CA admitted as free state: imbalance  Compromise of 1850  Organized New Mexico and Utah territories – popular sovereignty  Outlawed buying/selling of slaves in D.C.  Fugitive Slave Act  Federal Crime to help runaway slaves, allow for recapture

4. Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854  Desire to link CA with rest of nation by railroad  Douglas wants Northern route  Proposes organizing territories into Kansas and Nebraska  Popular sovereignty states  To get Southern support – will ban Missouri Compromise line

5. Bleeding Kansas  Center of struggle over slavery  Pro-slavery v. Free-soilers  Pro-slavery forces attacked anti-slavery newspaper buildings and free-soil areas  Marais des Cygnes Massacre  John Brown Raid  Before granted statehood both sides brought in settlers, voter fraud  Eventually admitted as free state

6. Dred Scott Decision  Sued for family’s freedom  Lived in states where slavery was illegal  Supreme court ruled he was not a citizen and could not bring a case to court  Aroused public outrage, deepened sectional divide

7. Abraham Lincoln Becomes President  Lincoln family history  Lincoln favored idea of Congress banning slavery in new territories and capital  Compensated Emancipation in D.C.  Lincoln-Douglas Debates  Wins Presidency in 1860 w/ Northern votes

8. The South Secedes  After Lincoln’s election  Dec. 20, 1860: “The union now subsisting between South Carolina and other states under the name of the ‘United States of America’ is hereby dissolved.”  By Feb Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas seceded, N Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, Virginia threatens  The Confederate States of America  Jefferson Davis is president (Senator from Mississippi)  New Constitution allowing slavery