1. Irregular Verbs, Stem-Changing Verbs: e - ie, e - i, o - ue

2. Some verbs in Spanish undergo changes in their stem when conjugated. These changes occur only in the singular and the 3rd person plural conjugations. When a line is drawn around the forms that change, the resulting shape vaguely resembles a boot; thus, these verbs are sometimes called bootverbs. There are three types of boot verbs.

3. entender entiendo entiendes entiende entendemos entendéis entienden Type 1: e - ie Well use entender, to understand, as an example of this type.

4. Here are some other common e - ie verbs: empezar, comenzar to begin pensar (+ infinitive) to think; to plan (to do something) perder to lose querer to want, to love preferir to prefer

5. servir sirvo sirves sirve servimos servís sirven Type 2: e - i Well use servir, to serve, as an example of this type. Note: All e - i verbs are -ir verbs.

6. Here are some other common e - i verbs: repetir to repeat, to have a second helping pedir to ask for, to request medir to measure, to be a certain height

7. almorzar almuerzo almuerzas almuerza almorzamos almorzáis almuerzan Type 3: o - ue Well use almorzar, to have lunch, as an example of this type.

8. jugar juego juegas juega jugamos jugáis juegan The verb jugar, to play (games or sports), follows the same pattern as o - ue verbs, but the change is u - ue.

9. Here are some other common o - ue verbs: volver to return, to come back costar* to cost dormir to sleep encontrar to find poder to be able; can recordar to remember soñar (con) to dream (about) * Costar is normally used only in the third persons.

10. The verbs querer and preferir Expressing desires and preferences Querer and preferir are important stem- changing verbs that have multiple uses.

11. quiero quieres quiere queremos queréis quieren querer When referring to a thing, querer means to want.

12. ¿Quiere un sándwich de pollo? Sí, y quiero papas fritas también, por favor.

13. querer When referring to a person, querer means to love. quiero quieres quiere queremos queréis quieren

14. Quiero mucho a su hija, señor Vega.

15. prefiero prefieres prefiere preferimos preferís prefieren preferir Preferir, of course, means to prefer.

16. ¿Quiere un sándwich de pollo? No señor, prefiero una hamburguesa.

17. Both querer and preferir can be used with an infinitive directly after them Rafael quiere caminar, pero su novia prefiere patinar. Rafael wants to walk, but his girlfriend prefers to skate. quiero quieres quiere queremos queréis quieren We start with an appropriate conjugation of querer or preferir... and then add any infinitive. estudiar escribir viajar bailar leer comer aprender dormir estudiar

18. pienso piensas piensa pensamos pensáis piensan Thinking and planning The verb pensar is another very useful stem- changing verb.

19. Thinking and planning Pensar basically means to think. En el parque, pienso y descanso. In the park, I think and rest.

20. Thinking and planning ¿En qué piensas? Pensar en means to think about. Gabriela siempre piensa en sus estudios. Pensamos en el bienestar de la familia. Gabriela is always thinking about her studies. Were thinking about the wellbeing of the family. What are you thinking about?

21. Thinking and planning Pensar de means to think of (to have an opinion about.) ¿Qué piensas de las novelas de Márquez? What do you think of Márquezs novels? Pensar que means to think that (in answer to the above question, for example.) Yo pienso que sus novelas son maravillosas. I think that his novels are wonderful.

22. pensar + infinitive = to plan to do something Thinking and planning Pensar also has a special use... Pensamos escuchar música en el parque esta tarde. Were planning to listen to music in the park this afternoon.

23. Notice! Remember, when one verb immediately follows another, only the first verb is conjugated. "I plan to study" - Pienso estudiar If two verbs go walking, The first does the talking!

24. Practice: Thinking and planning Translate the following to Spanish: 1.We eat lunch in the school, and she eats lunch in the park. 2.He wants a pizza, but they prefer to buy burritos. 3.When I sleep, I dream. 4.Does the boy lose books a lot? 5.She can't send texts in class, but we can talk after class.

25. FIN