1. Motivation Motivation is best described as an internal force or a set of forces that pushes people to do something. Why do businesses need to worry about motivation? A motivated worker will;

2. Why are businesses interested in staff motivation? Keeping staff motivated is good for business. Here are some examples why:motivated Motivated workers are more productive and higher productivity usually means higher profits. productivity In a service industry, workers who are well motivated will provide a better level of customer service. Staff who are well motivated are more likely to stay with the company. If a business successfully keeps the staff it has, the cost of recruiting and training new staff is reduced.

3. Abraham Maslow In 1954 Maslow published his work’s findings on motivation. He put all these needs and wants into a chart. This chart is known as ‘Maslow’s hierarchy of needs’. Only once one need is fulfilled does the next need become important to an individual.

5. What problems can you see with the pyramid? Maslow drew these conclusions from his findings; If a lower need is not met then the higher ones are forgotten. If one of the needs is not met then the staff can become very frustrated. Once one need is met then it will no longer motivate the person. However, we must remember that the world of work has changed considerably from the early 1900’s.

6. Conclusions Maslow drew these conclusions from his findings; If a lower need is not met then the higher ones are forgotten. If one of the needs is not met then the staff can become very frustrated. Once one need is met then it will no longer motivate the person. However, we must remember that the world of work has changed considerably from the early 1900’s.

7. Glossary Hierarchy of needs – placing needs in order of importance, starting with basic human needs. Job satisfaction – the amount of enjoyment, satisfaction or pleasure that a worker gets out of doing a particular job. Motivation – in work, the desire to complete a task.

8. McGregor’s Theory X and Y He thinks that companies take the view that all worker hate work and will avoid it if they can! He says that companies feel that workers have to be PERSUADED to work through incentives like higher wages! He also says that companies feel workers need strict supervision! And that workers should be punished if they don’t work hard! THIS WAS HIS “X” THEORY HOWEVER – he disagreed with how the businesses thought!

9. McGregor’s Theory X and Y HIS “Y” THEORY He believes that... Workers actually enjoy work and are motivated to meet targets They are committed to a business The feel “ownership” of their job or tasks They like more responsibility and participation in the business So, how can his Y Theories be implemented by a business? Delegation Consultation with employees Participation in decisions

10. Frederick Herzberg Hygiene factors – Pay Working conditions Rewards/Bonus He believed that these are not why people are motivated! He thought that there were different “Motivating” factors

11. Frederick Herzberg Motivators – Herzberg states that the motivators are the elements that drive people to work and what they aim to achieve. He thinks that we are motivated by how interesting the job is – not what you get paid! Opportunities for achievement Recognition Promotion Added responsibility