2. 1789-Present

4. The Articles of Confederation left the federal government too weak. The U.S. Constitution was made to make the federal government stronger. Shays’ Rebellion

6. We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. Schoolhouse Rock- The Preamble

7. 55 delegates from 12 states met in Philadelphia in 1787 to design a new government. North Carolina’s representatives were; 1. Hugh Williamson 2. William Blount 3. Alexander Martin 4. Richard Dobbs Spaight 5. William R. Davie Rhode Island was the state not represented

8. The Convention decided that there should be 3 parts to the government; 1. A part to make the laws 2. A part to ensure that the laws were being followed 3. A court system to try cases of national law James Madison of Virginia is known as the “Father of the Constitution”

9. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch

10. Includes the President Must be 35 years old Serves a 4 year term, 2 term maximum (22 nd Amendment) Includes the President’s Cabinet Has the power to carry out or enforce the laws passed by the Legislative Branch U.S. Cabinet

11. The President is the Commander and Chief of the Armed Forces

12. The President has the power to make treaties with other nations The Geneva Summit between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1985. Soviet Premier Gorbachev (left) and U.S. President Reagan (right)

13. The President has the power to appoint Ambassadors, Cabinet positions and Supreme Court Justices Chief Supreme Court Justice John G. Roberts Current Supreme Court Justices Secretary of State John Kerry

14. The President has the power to veto (stop) a bill from Congress from becoming a law

15. The President can be Impeached (brought up on charges for wrongdoing) and if convicted, removed from office. Who were the only 2 Presidents ever to be impeached? Bill ClintonAndrew Johnson

16. Has the power to make the laws Includes the; United States Senate United States House of Representatives Together these 2 houses make up what we call Congress

17. Serve 6 year terms Must be 30 years old 2 Delegates from each state Serve 2 year terms Must be 25 years old The number of delegates from each state is based on the state’s population The Senate The House of Representatives How many seats are in the U.S. Senate? How many seats are in the U.S. House of Representatives? 100 435

18. A compromise that led to the formation of 2 legislative houses, one formed with equal representation from each state (Senate) and one formed with the number of representatives based on the population of the state (House of Representatives) Which part of this compromise was fair to the small states? Who was this compromise between? Large population states and small population states The Senate Which part of this compromise was fair to the larger states? The House of Representatives

19. Have the power to approve Presidential Appointees to the Supreme Court, Ambassadors or Cabinet members Serves as the jury in an impeachment trial Have the power to initiate tax bills (ex. raise taxes) Have the power to make and borrow money Has the power to impeach the President (bring him/her up on charges) The Senate The House of Representatives Kay Hagan and Larry Kissell

20. Has the power to regulate trade Has the power to declare war Has the power to determine the size of the military NAFTA – The North American Free Trade Agreement

21. Interprets laws made by the Legislative Branch Includes the Federal Court System

22. The Supreme Court hears appeals from state and federal courts. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the land and has the final say on any case, there is no appealing the Supreme Court.

23. Gives the Supreme Court the Power of Judicial Review, which is the power to determine if a law is unconstitutional.

24. The compromise that settled the argument over how much representation would be given for slaves in the House of Representatives, every 5 slaves would equal 3 people Who was this compromise between? Slave states and Free States Who wanted every slave to count toward population? Slave States Why?

25. BIG QUESTION: What are the three branches of government? Last Day of 2 nd Quarter is Wednesday, Turn in all missing work and extra credit ASAP NO FOCUS QUESTION Pull out your three branches of government notes. Make sure they are folded in half and glued down on p. 81

26. OBJECTIVE: Create an illustration of the three branches of government! For each branch, you need: The name of the branch (Executive, Judicial, or Legislative) What is that branch’s role? Who is in that branch? What are some powers that branch has?

27. A system that assures that no one branch of the government has more power than the other two by allowing each branch to limit the powers of the other branches.

28. An example of the checks and balances system in the U.S. government that gives the Legislative Branch the power to override a presidential veto with 2/3 majority vote to make a law. Which branch has this power of Check and balance over which other Branch? Schoolhouse Rock - just a bill

29. The act of charging a public official with wrongdoing while the official is still in office. Which branch has this power of Check and balance over which other Branch?

30. Once the Constitution had been signed by the members of the Constitutional Convention, it had to be ratified by the states… 9 of the 13 states had to ratify or approve the new constitution for it to go into effect.

31. Federalists – someone who supported the U.S. Constitution and wanted a strong federal government Antifederalist – someone who opposed the U.S. Constitution and wanted a weak federal government, wanted states to have more power than the federal government Merchants Yeoman Farmers

32. The North Carolina convention in July, 1788, that did NOT ratify the U.S. Constitution but demanded that there be a “Declaration of Rights” added. Federalists and Antifederalists debated over the U.S. Constitution. At the end of the convention, the Antifederalists won, voting not to approve the U.S. Constitution until it contained the Bill of Rights.

33. In 1791, Congress formally added the Bill of Rights, the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution that declares the basic rights of citizens.

34. The electors selected by the state to vote on the state’s behalf. Once the popular vote in the state is calculated, the electoral college casts all of the electoral votes for the candidate that won that state’s popular vote. North Carolina’s 15 electoral votes Candidate X- 2,958,453 votes Candidate Y- 2,947,458 votes Electoral College in Plain English