1. The Crusades

2. The Holy Land Region of Palestine, centered around Jerusalem – Popular with Christian pilgrims Seljuk Turks controlled it in 1000s – Pilgrims attacked? This is war!

4. Crusade #1 (1096-1099) French and Italian armies go – Unprepared for hot climate – Capture Jerusalem & slaughter Muslims & Jews Introduce feudalism

5. Crusade #2 (1147-1149) Turks regroup in 1146, attack Holy Land French and Germans go Can’t recapture Damascus, so they leave in disgrace

6. Crusade #3 (1189-1192) Saladin is Muslim leader in Jerusalem (1187) Barbarossa (HRE), Philip II, and Richard I go – Barbarossa dies, Phil/Rick take beef back to France Truce w/ Saladin – Jerusalem remains in Muslim hands – Allows Christians to visit

7. Crusade #4 (1202-1204) French go, Venice convinces them to attack Eastern Orthodox areas (Zadar) – Attack, loot Constantinople (start of fall) – Pope excommunicates them for killing Christians (but allows them & loot back in)

8. Children’s Crusade (1212) Send the kids!? – No training, equipment, etc. – Only get to French coast – Most tricked and sold into slavery – FAIL.

9. Results Crusades 5-9 gain nothing (1217-1272) Technology advances in weapons/warfare Feudal lords go broke, sell land Church increases power New trade/ideas brought to Europe

10. Results Muslims keep Holy Land