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Revolution and Civil War in Russia. The March Revolution End Tsarism Russia was slow to Industrialize. Russia was slow to Industrialize. For hundreds.

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Presentation on theme: "Revolution and Civil War in Russia. The March Revolution End Tsarism Russia was slow to Industrialize. Russia was slow to Industrialize. For hundreds."— Presentation transcript:

1 Revolution and Civil War in Russia

2 The March Revolution End Tsarism Russia was slow to Industrialize. Russia was slow to Industrialize. For hundreds of years the Tsar, Landowning nobles, and priests controlled Russia. For hundreds of years the Tsar, Landowning nobles, and priests controlled Russia. Tsar Nicholas failed to make reforms after the Revolution of 1905. Tsar Nicholas failed to make reforms after the Revolution of 1905. WWI fueled national pride and united Russians and they rushed off to the front lines. WWI fueled national pride and united Russians and they rushed off to the front lines. Russia couldn’t support it’s soldiers with materials they need, in 1915 2 million soldiers died. Russia couldn’t support it’s soldiers with materials they need, in 1915 2 million soldiers died. The Tsarina Alexandria begins to rely on a “holy man” named Rasputin for Advice. The Tsarina Alexandria begins to rely on a “holy man” named Rasputin for Advice. Nobles, afraid of Rasputin’s influence on Alexandria, kill Rasputin Nobles, afraid of Rasputin’s influence on Alexandria, kill Rasputin

3 The March Revolution End Tsarism As the war progresses, things in Russia get worse: food and fuel shortages, workers going on strike, marchers through the streets shouting “Bread, Bread!” As the war progresses, things in Russia get worse: food and fuel shortages, workers going on strike, marchers through the streets shouting “Bread, Bread!” Troops refused to fire on the crowds, leaving the Tsar helpless, the Tsar steps down in 1917. Troops refused to fire on the crowds, leaving the Tsar helpless, the Tsar steps down in 1917. The Duma takes over and works towards getting a constitution for a Russian Republic. The Duma takes over and works towards getting a constitution for a Russian Republic. Revolutionary socialists had their own plans for Russia. Revolutionary socialists had their own plans for Russia. The Bolsheviks, a radical socialist group, was determined for a revolution. The Bolsheviks, a radical socialist group, was determined for a revolution.

4 The March Revolution End Tsarism Leader of the Bolsheviks was Vladimir Lenin. Leader of the Bolsheviks was Vladimir Lenin. When Lenin was 17 his brother was executed for plotting to kill the Tsar. When Lenin was 17 his brother was executed for plotting to kill the Tsar. Lenin was exiled to Siberia for spreading socialist ideas, he then went to Switzerland. Lenin was exiled to Siberia for spreading socialist ideas, he then went to Switzerland. The Bolsheviks believed the only way Russia can change is through revolution. The Bolsheviks believed the only way Russia can change is through revolution. In Russia another group of socialists called the Mensheviks believed reform could come through gradual means. In Russia another group of socialists called the Mensheviks believed reform could come through gradual means. In March 1917, Russia’s government collapses. In order to help it along Germany sent Lenin back to Russia in a special train. In March 1917, Russia’s government collapses. In order to help it along Germany sent Lenin back to Russia in a special train.

5 November Revolution Brings Bolsheviks to Power The leader of the provisional Russian government, Alexander Kerensky, continued the war but failed to make reforms. The leader of the provisional Russian government, Alexander Kerensky, continued the war but failed to make reforms. Soldiers deserted, peasants to take land from fearful landlords. Soldiers deserted, peasants to take land from fearful landlords. In November 1917, Russia was ripe for a revolution, Lenin’s forces attacked and took over in a matter of days. In November 1917, Russia was ripe for a revolution, Lenin’s forces attacked and took over in a matter of days. The Bolsheviks quickly seized power in several cities. In Moscow it took a week of fighting for them to gain power, Moscow became the Bolshevik’s capital. The Bolsheviks quickly seized power in several cities. In Moscow it took a week of fighting for them to gain power, Moscow became the Bolshevik’s capital. The Bolsheviks ended private ownership of land and gave it to the peasants. Workers were given control of factories and mines. The Bolsheviks ended private ownership of land and gave it to the peasants. Workers were given control of factories and mines.

6 Russia Plunges into Civil War After the Bolshevik Revolution, Lenin signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Russia had to give up huge chunks of land and population in the treaty After the Bolshevik Revolution, Lenin signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Russia had to give up huge chunks of land and population in the treaty For 3 years Russia fights a Civil War. The communists, “Reds” (Bolsheviks) vs. Mensheviks, “Whites”. The “whites” army was made up of the tsar’s forces, Mensheviks, democrats, and other people who resisted communism. For 3 years Russia fights a Civil War. The communists, “Reds” (Bolsheviks) vs. Mensheviks, “Whites”. The “whites” army was made up of the tsar’s forces, Mensheviks, democrats, and other people who resisted communism. Britain, France, and the U.S. sent troops to help the Whites. It didn’t help, but instead helped fuel the Reds. Britain, France, and the U.S. sent troops to help the Whites. It didn’t help, but instead helped fuel the Reds. Brutality was common during the war. The whites would slaughter captured Reds, and the Reds shot Tsar Nicholas and his entire family. (5 kids) Brutality was common during the war. The whites would slaughter captured Reds, and the Reds shot Tsar Nicholas and his entire family. (5 kids)

7 Russia Plunges into Civil War Reds used the CHEKA, secret police, to control the people. The Cheka would execute citizens for being suspected of taking action against the revolution Reds used the CHEKA, secret police, to control the people. The Cheka would execute citizens for being suspected of taking action against the revolution Leon Trotsky turned the Red Army into an effective fighting force. Leon Trotsky turned the Red Army into an effective fighting force. In 1921 the Communist Red Army defeats the White Army In 1921 the Communist Red Army defeats the White Army

8 Building a Communist Soviet Union Russia was in chaos. Millions have died since WWI. Russia was in chaos. Millions have died since WWI. Lenin established the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), or Soviet Union Lenin established the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), or Soviet Union -Though in theory the people had the power in the Soviet Union, in reality the Communist Party had the power, and just like the tsars the party used secret police to enforce their will. -Though in theory the people had the power in the Soviet Union, in reality the Communist Party had the power, and just like the tsars the party used secret police to enforce their will. -Under the Communists the Soviet economy collapsed. Lenin adopted the New Economic Policy (NEP), which allowed some capitalism. By 1928 the Soviet economy had recovered to pre-war levels. -Under the Communists the Soviet economy collapsed. Lenin adopted the New Economic Policy (NEP), which allowed some capitalism. By 1928 the Soviet economy had recovered to pre-war levels. -Lenin dies in 1924 setting off a power struggle between Leon Trotsky and Josef Stalin. -Lenin dies in 1924 setting off a power struggle between Leon Trotsky and Josef Stalin. -Stalin isolated Trotsky within the party and stripped him of membership. Trotsky fled the Soviet Union. Stalin had him killed in 1940. -Stalin isolated Trotsky within the party and stripped him of membership. Trotsky fled the Soviet Union. Stalin had him killed in 1940.


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