1. Revolution and Civil War In Russia

2. Unrest begins Following 1905 revolution Nicholas II failed to solve Basic problems in russia Following 1905 revolution Nicholas II failed to solve Basic problems in russia –Blocked any type of reform –Very conservative –Proletariat grew upset  Felt only matter of time before revolution

3. WWI Originaly fueled with nationalism and united Russia Originaly fueled with nationalism and united Russia Outcome? Outcome? Nicholas on front lines Nicholas on front lines –Huge blunder –Wife left in charge  Problem?

4. Rumors Rasputin a self proclaimed “holy man” Rasputin a self proclaimed “holy man” Linked to wife Linked to wife –Helped heal son who had hemophilia –Killed 12/29/1916

5. Ta ta Tsar March 1917 monarchy collapses due to food shortages & war disasters March 1917 monarchy collapses due to food shortages & war disasters People marched in the streets screaming bread! People marched in the streets screaming bread! Tsar abdicated the throne Tsar abdicated the throne New provisional government set up New provisional government set up –War continued, prepared a constitution –Bolsheviks plottted in the background  Formed soviets or councils of workers and soldiers

6. Here he comes!

7. Bolsheviks Renamed socialists “ Bolsheviks” Meaning majority Renamed socialists “ Bolsheviks” Meaning majority “dictatorship of the proletariat” “dictatorship of the proletariat” “only revolution could bring about the needed changes” “only revolution could bring about the needed changes” “Peace, Land, Bread!” “Peace, Land, Bread!”

8. Provisional governments mistakes Led by Alexander Karensky Led by Alexander Karensky –Continued war effort and failed to deal with land reform –July 1917 launched Karensky Offensive vs. Germany. Result? –Troops mutinied –Peasants seized land from Nobles –Conditions are perfect for ……..

9. Revolution!

10. Bolshevik Takeover November 1917 red guards armed factory workers, mutinous sailers joined in and easily overthrew the government. November 1917 red guards armed factory workers, mutinous sailers joined in and easily overthrew the government. Ended private ownership of land and redistributed it to the peasants Ended private ownership of land and redistributed it to the peasants Workers given control of factories and mines Workers given control of factories and mines A new flag adopted symbolizing workers and peasants A new flag adopted symbolizing workers and peasants Bolsheviks also changed their name to Communists Bolsheviks also changed their name to Communists

11. Post November revolution Treaty of Brest-Livotsk ends war with Germany Treaty of Brest-Livotsk ends war with Germany –Russia loses land and population but Lenin feels peace and attention must only be focused at home. –Reds vs. Whites  3 year civil war  Whites were leftover tsarist imperial officials, Mensheviks, democrats united only in opposition to Bolsheviks Allies support whites Allies support whites Britain,US,France send in troops to help Britain,US,France send in troops to help Allied helped only fuel distrust for the west in Russia Allied helped only fuel distrust for the west in Russia Very brutal war Very brutal war –Tsar and family killed by communists –Whites slaughtered communists.

12. Result Whites lose Whites lose Trotsky, Trotsky, –leader of red army gave rousing nationalist speeches to urge the Bolshevik fight  ALSO THREATENED DEATH! –Turned Red Army into elite fighting force USSR is Born USSR is Born

13. U.S.S.R is Born

14. Mo Gov’t, Mo Problems 1922 USSR Born 1922 USSR Born Constitution seemed both democratic and socialist Constitution seemed both democratic and socialist –Elected legislature –All citizens over 18 right to vote –All power belonged to proletariat –Looks good but…. –No Opposition is allowed –Also encompassed large area and varying peoples

15. NEP New Economic Policy New Economic Policy –Replaces war communism –Allows some capitalist ventures –State still holds banks, foreign trade, and large business. Small business allowed for private profit –Helped Soviet economy recover and ended armed resistance to government –Food and industrial production back to pre WWI level –Lenin saw NEP as only temporary

16. LETS GET IT ON!!!

17. Lenins death Dies in 1924 Dies in 1924 Sets off power Struggle Sets off power Struggle Trotsky vs. Stalin Trotsky vs. Stalin Eventually Trotsky is isolated by Stalin in party and is stripped of membership Eventually Trotsky is isolated by Stalin in party and is stripped of membership With Great Power comes Great Responsibility With Great Power comes Great Responsibility