1. Study, Study, Study!!!!!!!

2. 1. What characteristics does an absolute ruler have? Complete control over the government/state 2. Describe the following absolute rulers (include country & example) a.Charles I: England; dissolves parliament b.Phillip II: Spain; ruled overseas empires, defeated by the English (Spanish Armada) c.Peter the Great: Russia; westernized Russia d.Louis XIV: France; put France in debt by building his palace and fighting wars 3. List the documents/events led to the limited monarchy in England? Magna Carta, English Civil War, Glorious Revolution, English Bill of Rights ABSOLUTE RULERS

3. 4. Many enlightenment thinkers believed that government needed what, to maintain control? The consent (permission) of the people it’s ruling 5. Describe the philosophies of the following enlightenment thinkers a.Jean Jacques Rousseau – Social contract b.John Locke – Natural law & Natural rights c.Montesquieu – Separation of powers d.Voltaire – Religious toleration e.Adam Smith – Laissez faire (let it be; economy) “ the invisible hand” f.William Blackstone – Common law g.Thomas Hobbes – Sovereign Authority (single ruler) ENLIGHTENMENT

4. 6. What was a major influence of the American Revolution? The Glorious Revolution and Enlightenment ideas 7. What impact does the American Revolution have on the rest of the world? Inspires both the French and Latin American Revolutions AMERICAN REVOLUTION

5. 8. What are the three major causes of the French Revolution? Financial crisis (debt), Social inequality, & Enlightenment ideas 9. Who was the head of the Committee of Public Safety? What tactic did he use during the Reign of Terror? Robespierre; use of violence (guillotine) against enemies of the revolution 10. What was a major impact of the French Revolution? Latin American colonies were given a chance to gain independence 11. What was the goal of the Congress of Vienna? To restore a balance of power in Europe, to keep one country from becoming too powerful FRENCH REVOLUTION

6. 12. How did Napoleon gain support in France? His rule promised order after the chaos of the French Rev. & Reign of Terror 13. In what ways are Napoleon and Robespierre similar? Both came to power during different periods of the French Revolution NAPOLEON BONAPARTE

7. 14. Who were the leaders of the Latin American Revolutions? Simon Bolivar, Jose de San Martin, Toussaint l’Ouverture, Miguel Hidalgo 15. Between what years did South America gain most of its independence? 1790 - 1828 LATIN AMERICAN REVOLUTION