2. Classification Chapter 2 Section 2

3. Why Do Scientists Classify? Classification – process of grouping things based on their similarities Biologists use classification to organize living things into groups so that the organisms are easier to study. Taxonomy – study of how living things are classified

4. Aristotle Divided animals into 2 types – those with backbones and those without backbones. Further divided those groups System lasted for 100s of years

5. The Naming System of Linnaeus 1750s system still used today Organisms placed into groups based on observable features. Binomial nomenclature (2 names)

6. Binomial Nomenclature Organism’s scientific name = 2 names 1 st name is its genus; a group that contains similar, closely related organisms 2 nd name is its species; group that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can reproduce Canis lupus - 1 st word capitalized, italics or underlined, Latin

7. Examples

8. Another Example North American field pocket mouse Scientific Names Perognathus californicus Perognathus nelsoni Perognathus spinatus

9. Domain - Eukarya

10. Levels of Classification Did (domain) King (kingdom) Philip (phyla) Come (class) Over (order) From (family) Germany (genus) Saturday (species) The more classification levels that 2 organisms share, the more characteristics they have in common.

11. Domains and Kingdoms Organisms are placed into domains and kingdoms based on their cell type, their ability to make food, and the number of cells in their bodies.

13. New Classification System Domain Archaea Kingdom Archeabacteria Domain Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria Domain Eukarya

14. Domain Bacteria (Eubacteria) Unicellular Prokaryotes (no nucleus) Some are heterotrophs (obtain their own food). Some are autotrophs (make their own food).

15. Domain Archaebacteria Unicellular Prokaryotes Autotrophs & heterotrophs

16. Domain Eukarya Kingdom AnimaliaKingdom Plantae Multicellular Eukaryotes Heterotrophs Multicellular Eukaryotes Autotrophs

17. Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Protista Multicellular mostly Eukaryotes Heterotrophs “junk drawer” Anything that is not an animal, plant, or fungus Uni and multicellular Auto and heterotroph