1. Taxonom y a.k.a. Classification

2. Why do we classify things? We like things organized To have precise names of organisms Common names are too confusing –Panther, puma, cougar, mountain lion are all the same thing

3. Carolus Linnaeus-18 th century Developed classification system based on similarities in structure Today’s system is also based on genetics and biochemistry

4. Binomial Nomenclature Every species has 2 names 1 st word = genus—always capitalized 2 nd word = specific epithet—never capitalized Both names are underlined or italicized Both names together are the species

5. Canis lupus genusSpecific epithet Species name: Canis lupus

6. System of Classification Kingdom Phylum Class order Family genus species King Paul Came Over For Good Spaghetti

7. Species: smallest division This is the smallest division, containing the fewest number of organisms Every member of this group has the same characteristics Members of the same species can mate and produce fertile offspring

8. Genus: groups with similar characteristics examples: dog and wolf—same genus, different species horse and donkey – same genus, different species

9. Hey, did you know we’re related? Yeah, we’re sort of like cousins. Sorry, I like you and all, but we can’t have any babies together

10. Family: group of related genuses

11. Order: group of related families

12. Class: group of related orders

13. Class mammalia

14. Class reptilia

15. Phylum: group of related classes

16. Kingdom: group of related phyla

17. The 6 Kingdoms Eubacteria and Archaebacteria: –bacteria and blue-green algae (blue-green bacteria) –Prokaryotes – have no organelles except ribosomes –All single celled –Can be heterotrophs or autotrophs –Have major differences in cell wall

18. Protista –Protozoa and algae –Heterotrophs or autotrophs –Mostly single celled, some multicelluar –All eukaryotes

19. Fungi –Mushrooms, molds, yeast –Some single celled, most multicellular –All heterotrophs –All eukaryotes

20. Plant –all multicellular –Complex –All autotrophs –All eukaryotes

21. Animal –All multicellular –Complex –Usually mobile, but sometimes not –All heterotrophs –All eukaryotes